Forest Ecosystem Service Function Assessment Of Liaoheyuan Area

In this paper, the forest ecosystems in Liaoheyuan were selected as our study sites, and based on a systematic summarization of ecosystem service function studies and the formation mechanisms of forest ecosystem functions, along with field investigations, forest resource inventories and technical standards already excited, we established a forest ecosystem service function indicator system that fit for Liaoheyuan area according to the relationships between the structures, processes and functions of ecosystem.We have fully understood the mechanism of each indicator by studying the effects of hydrology, soil physical and chemical properties, biomass and productivity, biodiversity et al., and assessed the amount of substance and value on seven aspects (water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation et al.), in which of the forest that have different stand or age structure. Our study aimed at supporting scientific foundations for the forest ecosystem service conservation, nature reserve construction and sustainable management in this area. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) The value of forest ecosystem services of Liaoheyuan is 363 million yuan/a, which equals to 22,8 thousand yuan per unit area. And the ranking order of these services is:carbon fixing and oxygen releasing (122 million yuan/a)> water conservation (102 million yuan/a)> biodiversity conservation (96.9 million yuan/a)> soil conservation (19.28 million yuan/a)> forest recreation (5.74 million yuan/a)> atmosphere purification (0.43 million yuan/a), where the value of the first two account for a total of 61.64% of overall value.(2) As for different forest types, the value of Pinus tabulaeformis forests and Betula platyphylla forests are highest (160 million yuan/a and 140 million yuan/a separately), as well as their distribution ranges, account for a total of 82.76% of overall value. Then there are Populus davidiana forests (55.4 million yuan/a), Larix principis-rupprechtii forests(14.68 million yuan/a), Quercus mongolica forests (12.34 million yuan/a). And for Pinus tabulaeformis forests, the value of the contribution from large to small were nearly mature forests> middle age forests> mature forests> young forests, ranging from 10 million to 62.79 million yuan/a.(3) Although the Quercus mongolica forests owns lowest value, but the value of per unit area (34.9 thousand yuan/a) is highest along all forest types, well others are Populus davidiana forests (30.6 thousand yuan/a), Larix principis-rupprechtii forests (27 thousand yuan/a), Betula platyphylla forests (21.4 thousand yuan/a). And for Pinus tabulaeformis forests, the ecosystem service function value goes higher with the increase of stand age.