| Chongzhou loquat tea and Yingjing loquat tea in our province is the important and precious wild plants resources. The morphological and biological characteristics in order to understand the Chongzhou loquat tea and Yingjing loquat tea germplasm resources, genetic diversity and genetic relationship between and, the experiment collected Chongzhou loquat tea materials 45, Yingjing loquat tea materials 22 and Fuding white tea, Longjing 43 to 8 copies of materials, a total of 75 copies of germplasm resources test materials. Through to the Chongzhou loquat tea and Yingjing loquat tea a total of 67 accessions of biological characteristics were observed and described, then using ISSR molecular marker technology for all the samples for analysis of genetic diversity and genetic relationship, test results show that the:(1) Between Chongzhou loquat tea and Yingjing loquat tea has both similarities, there are differences. Chongzhou loquat tea tree and Yingjing loquat tea were dominated by trees and shrubs, small trees, containing a small amount of. The larger leaf area, is a large or large leaves, leaf color is green or dark green, serrated edge sharpness too blunt, depth of shallow, density of lean, tip acuminate to acute. Sepals greenish color flower, sepal number is 5 or so, sepals glabrous more, petal color was white, petal number 7～11, larger diameter of corolla, ovary most glabrous, stigma cracking for 3-4 multi lobed or crack, crack. Chongzhou loquat tea and Yingjing loquat tea also has certain difference, the main difference is:Chongzhou loquat tea and Yingjing loquat tea sepals, petals, corolla size texture exists difference. Chongzhou loquat tea sepal number is 5-6, Yingjing loquat tea sepal number is 4～5; Chongzhou loquat tea camellia crown diameter in the range is more wide than Yingjing loquat tea, Chongzhou loquat tea is between 3.18-5.85cm, Yingjing loquat tea is between 3.54-5.65cm; petals texture, Chongzhou loquat tea belongs to the thin side, while the Yingjing loquat the tea is too thick. At the same time, according to the investigation and statistics of the selected materials, referring to the classification method and analysis shows that the Zhang Hongda classification system, Chongzhou loquat tea contains tea, Camellia ptilophylla bare room, and Yingjing loquat tea contains Baimao tea, Camellia ptilophylla. According to Chen Liang’s classification system of classification of tea, Chongzhou tea, loquat belongs to the bald real tea and tea, which contains c.gymnogyna and Baimao tea; and Yingjing loquat tea also belongs to the bald real tea and tea, tea is also contained in the Pu’er Tea and Baimao tea tea. Chongzhou loquat tea in genetic diversity than the Yingjing loquat tea.(2) Out of 60 ISSR primers selected were obtained 14 high polymorphic primers, primers for each sample was amplified by ISSP-PCR, can be amplified bands were clear and rich polymorphism.14 primers were amplified 239 clear bands can be repeated, in which 209 bands were polymorphic, the percentage of polymorphic loci was 86.67%. Each primer amplified bands of 12～23, the average number of amplified bands was 17.07.(3) According to the electrophoresis results of ISSR amplification products, the use of Nei’s method to calculate the range of variation of 45 accessions of Chongzhou loquat tea genetic distance between the tested materials was between 0.594-0.858, the genetic distance between C34 and C38 recently,0.594, and genetic distance between C42 and C23 is the 0.858. According to the genetic similarity coefficient cluster according to the method of UPGMA, it can be seen from the figure, when the GS value is 0.705, Chongzhou loquat tea can be divided into 6 categories.(4) According to the electrophoresis results of ISSR amplification products, the use of Nei’s method to calculate the 22 tested materials Yingjing loquat tea genetic similarity coefficient between the GS value of 0.598～0.774. Among them, Y14 and Y18 the maximum GS value was 0.774, the genetic relationship, recently. The minimum GS value is Y16 and Y4, the GS value is 0.598, indicating that the genetic relationship between the farthest. According to the genetic similarity coefficient cluster according to the method of UPGMA, it can be seen from the figure, when the genetic distance was 0.703,22 copies of Yingjing loquat tea can be divided into five categories.(5) According to the cluster analysis of 75 accessions, results show that the genetic similarity coefficient between different materials in 0.552～0.857. When the GS value is 0.650, the materials can be divided into 2 major groups. When the GS value is 0.688,67 accessions of loquat tea can be divided into 6 subgroups. Chongzhou loquat tea and Yingjing loquat tea and white tea Fuding, Longjing and other 43 varieties were far genetic distance and morphological characteristics, also has the obvious difference. The results of the study show that:the Yingjing loquat tea than Chongzhou loquat wild tea plants with higher degree of evolution. Part of loquat tea over a long period of time through natural selection environment, the genetic exchange with other local tea resources, resulting in the transformation of individual Chongzhou loquat tea and Yingjing loquat wild tea plants to the local tea resources in Sichuan small leaves population etc.. |
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