Study On Reproductive Traits And Body Measurement Traits Of Breeding Cow In Jilin Province

Jilin is one of the fastest developing provinces in China on beef cattle industry, hence beef industry is the fastest developing animal husbandry in the province. As economic growth and the improvement of residents’ income level in China, the growth trend of the per capita consumption ability will surely improve the beef consumption. Impacted by factors such as the economic crisis, it has resulted into rising of feed prices; which negatively affected the beef cattle stock with very minimal slaughter rate in Jilin province after 2010.This has resulted into- direct impact in the development of beef cattle industry in Jilin province. Improving the quality and quantity of female cattle is the stable foundation of the beef cattle industry in Jilin province.The purpose is finding out the present situation about main varieties of female breeding cattle reproduction performance and body measurement traits by related scientific researchers, technicians and farmers quickly in Jilin; providing data reference for continued breeding of three female cattle varieties. This experiment investigated the reproduction performance and body measurement traits of Simmental, Yanbian Yellow cattle and China Red Steppe female in Jilin province. Includes the following three parts:First part: Analyzed cattle quantity, beef production and beef consumption in the world, the country and the province with the methods of analyzing data of statistics and reviewing literature from 2010 to 2014. The finding: the situation of the global beef production and beef consumption is the growth trend; the export and import of cattle exhibit volatility in 2011-2014. The domestic situation: the cattle slaughter rate was slow, beef consumption increased, beef export reduced and imports increased yearly by year from 2008 to 2013. Jilin province, as one of the main producing areas of domestic cattle, beef cattle breeding stock, cattle slaughter and beef production grew slowly from 2009 to 2013. Breeding is very important in the beef cattle industry in all countries, since breeding for improved reproductive traits and body measurement traits is the basic requirements for improved beef cattle efficiency.The second part: Investigated and analyzed the reproduction performance and body measurement traits of Simmental, Yanbian Yellow cattle and China Red Steppe female breeding cattle farm(n=2609) in Jilin by Site investigation, Questionnaire and interviews survey. Results indicated that ADG of Simmental in late growth and development stage can be selected for breeding. The ADG in late growth and development stage, body height and body length of Yanbian Yellow cattle can also be selected in breeding programs. The results also indicated that the reproductive cycle, the breeding rate and the body relative degree of development can be used as breeding tools in breeding program.The third part: Results for the suggestions on the development of beef cows in Jilin province: Strengthening the variety promotion and improvement; Strengthening female cattle breeding in reproduction performance and growth traits; Improving the level of feeding female cattle and calves; Government continues to support beef cattle industries; Social units cooperation to promote beef cattle industry into a modern industrial.