The Effect Of Tourist Trampling On Soil Biology And Quality In Mount Wutai Meadow Nature Reserve

Based on the combination of field sampling investigation and indoor analysis method,soils were from serious areas,slight areas,no stamped areas of Mount Wutai Meadow Nature Reserve for analysis.There was a study on the effect of tourist recreation on soil enzyme activities,microbes and microbial biomass,inorganic phosphorus.Combined with correlation analysis,fuzzy mathematics method,established by index system composed of soil physical traits,chemical and biological traits,established the right of each index weight and function values,and then evaluated the overall qualities of the soil.The Specific performance of results were as follows:(1)Tourist trampling had a significant inhibitory effect on the soil urease activity and invertase activity in Dongtai,Beitai,Nantai,Xitai,Zhongtai of Mount Wutai meadow,and they were shown as:no stampede areas> trampling slight areas> trampling serious areas;The effect of trampling on the phosphatase,catalase activity was:no stampede areas>trampling serious areas;Soil urease activity and invertase activity in the surface (0-20cm)>soil urease activity and invertase activity in the lower surface (20-40cm).At the different degrees of the stampde,the incertase activity was increasing as the altitude increased in Beitai of Wutai meadow. In the five Mount,the catalase activity of the serious areas were significantly lower than those without trampling zone soil catalase activity.(2)Trourist trampling significantly affected the 0-20cm soil bacteria,actinomycetes,fungi,and the total number of the three,and they were shown as:no stampede areas> trampling slight areas> trampling serious areas; The effect of tourist activities on the soil bacteria, actinomycetes,fungi, and the total number of the three,was the greatest;The effect of tourist activities on the microbes was little,the level of actinomycetes basically were not affected by tourist activities in Dongtai,Beitai,Xitai;The number of the microbes was increasing by the soil depth.(3)The microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus were affected by recreational activities seriously,and they were shown as:no stampede areas> trampling slight areas>trampling serious areas; In 0-20cm soil layer,the three stamped areas of microbial biomass carbon were affected prominently by recreation activities (p<0.05)in Dongtai and Zhongtai.The three stamped areas of microbial biomass nitrogen were affected prominently (p<0.05) in Dongtai,Nantai,Xitai. The three trampling areas of microbial biomass phosphorus were affected prominently in Dongtai,Beitai,Xitai, the microbial phosphorus of Dongtai was the biggest.In 20-40cm soil layer,the three stamped areas of microbial biomass carbon in Dongtai were affected prominently (p<0.05),the microbial biomass nitrogen of trampling serious areas was affected the greatest in Zhongtai.The three trampling areas of microbial biomass phosphorus were affected prominently in Dongtai and Nantai.The effect of the microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in 0-20 cm soil layer was great,instead,the effect of the 20-40 soil layer was lighter.Above all, the microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus were significantly decreased as the degree of stampde increasing.The microbial biomass carbon nitrogen and phosphorus were decreased by the depth of the soil increasing.(4)Tourist trampling had a significant inhibitory effect on the soil Al-P,Fe-P,O-P,Ca-P of the inorganic phosphorus in 0-20cm and 20-40cm soil,and they were shown as:no stampede areas>trampling slight areas> trampling serious areas;At the same altitude and soil layers,the various forms of inorganic phosphorus was Fe-P>Al-P>O-P>Ca-P;At the same altitude of different soil layers,the soil phosphorus presented in table cohesion with the soil depth was reduced,which showed that the various forms of inorganic phosphorus content in the 0-20 cm was significantly higher than the content of the 20-40 cm soil.The content of the various forms of inorganic phosphorus increased with the altitude.(5)Soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients,soil bulk density,with varying degrees of correlation between the soil hardness,the number of microflora, microbial biomass,heavy metals, as follows:soil organic matter and soil urease had a significant positive correlation (P<0.05),and soil nitrogen was significantly positively correlated (P<0.01);Soil phosphatase and organic matter showed a significant positive correlation,there was a significant positive correlation with total phosphorus;microbial biomass P and total P,A1-P content showed a significant positive correlation (P<0.05),microbial biomass P,Fe-P content,O-P content,Ca-P content showed a significant positive correlation (P<0.01);Urease and bacteria, Zn content, Pb content,Cd content was significantly positively correlated(P<0.05).(6)Tourist trampling had a significant impact on soil quality in Wutai.In 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil,soil quality index Mountain Meadows Nature Reserve wasere as follows:no stampede areas> trampling slight areas> trampling serious areas,which shows the extent of the stampede as tourism increases,Wutai mountain meadow soil quality decreased.Trouist activities affected greatly in the Dongtai 0-20 cm soil,the impact of the Nantai was second,and the Zhongtai was the lowest;Trouist trampling affected greatly in the Nantai 20-40 cm soil,the impact of the Zhongtai was the second,and followed by the Xitai.