Studies On The Construction And Management Of Forest Nature Reserve In Hunan Province

The national, provincial, and county forest nature reserves in Hunan province were researched in this thesis. Through author’s collecting data, conducting and participating researches, the evaluating system and method of construction and management of the forest nature reserves of Hunan Province were preliminarily established; the situation and management of83forest nature reserves of Hunan were evaluated; several measures were suggested according to the analysis of problems of the protection, construction and management of the forest reserve of Hunan, in the example of the Mangshan Nature Reserve in Hunan province. The main results were concluded as follows:(1) By the end of2012,109different levels and types of nature reserves had been founded in Hunan province.83of them were classified as the type of the forest ecosystem, covering an area of762663.3hm2, the number of the provincial nature reserves increased by29and the size increased100844hm2from2001to2012. The Environmental Protection Bureaus and the Forestry Bureaus of14cities (prefectures) and the122counties (cites, areas) of Hunan province set up the Ecological Divisions (groups) and the Protection Divisions (stations, groups), respectively.(2) The83forest nature reserves in.Hunan province, distributing across12cities (prefectures) except Loudi and Xiangtan, are now in the charge of the Environmental Protection Department of Hunan (EPDHN). in61of which the administration had been established and accounts for73.49%of all. The staffing of the administration at different levels consisted of as follows:57for national,30for provincial and15for county level, on average. In the technical staffing of:15for national,4for provincial,3for county level. The amount of reserves which the proportion of technical personnel reached more than30%was24. All the reserves played different roles actually,32out of which covered the core area more than1/3,55out of which were well equipped,31out of which the eco-tourism was carried out in and33of which were ruled by elaborate planning.(3) The author had preliminarily created a suitable evaluating index system and evaluating method for the construction and management of forest nature reserves in Hunan province, which includes the value of protection, the basic facility, the constructing and managing measures, the conserving efforts of4first indicators and15secondary indicators. Meanwhile, levels of indicators weights and scoring standards were determined. (4) By the system and method above, all the reserves in Hunan had been evaluated. The conclusions were drawn as follows:the forest nature reserve in Hunan average score of67.89points, the number (proportion) of excellent, good, qualified, unqualified forest nature reserve respectively was in19(22.89%),26(31.33%),8(9.64%),30(36.14%) National, provincial, county forest nature reserve scored an average of90.44points,79.46points and53.05points respectively.(5) By analyzing the results, the main problems on the construction and management of the forest nature reserves in Hunan were presented as follows:(1) the unsuccessful management system, nonexclusive managing and overlapping functions of the administration;(2) the weakness of the basis of the legal system;(3) the inadequate managing agencies and unreasonable staffing;(4) the insufficient sources of the funds and lack of funds for construction;(5) inadequate infrastructure facilities;(6) the nonstandard eco-tourism;(7) the unscientific planning of construction and protection, the unimplemented planning.(6) The main measures to strengthen the protection, construction and management of nature reserves were drawn as follows:First, strengthen the legislation and the protection of function of the forest nature reserves, gradually carry out the policy named One District One Law; Second, improve the management of the administration and the staffing; Third, establish the exclusive fund for the reserves and improve infrastructure facilities, and explore the ecological compensation mechanism, gradually establish the ecological compensation standard; Fourth, improve the management system and strengthen the management and supervision of the reserves. Fifth, utilize and protect the resources and environment of the reserves scientifically and develop eco-tourism. Six, strictly control, realistically revise and compile the planning, to make sure the protection and constructing planning.(7) The experience concerning the construction and management of the Mangshan Nature Reserve includes:improving the management mechanism, staffing reasonably, perfecting management system; applying for state grant funds; cooperating with universities, research institutes to improve the scientific level; strengthening team construction and enhancing publicity.