Research About The Best NPK Fertilizer Rate Of High-efficient And High-yield Rice Soil Testing

Adopting the experiment program of testing soil for formula fertilization "3414" and the research of rice testing soil for formulated fertilization has conducted in LuXian County, Si Chuan Province in2012and2013. Establishing the function of fertilizer effect can obtain the best ratio of fertilization formula and the reasonable fertilization rate to examine the rationality of the rice formula fertilization system in current LuXian County and do the adjustment and perfection on it. Main testing results are as follows:1、The fertilizer supply of rice planting soil is stable in LuXian County and the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and effective phosphorus is low and the soil fertility is lower than the medium level. The average values abut dependent rates of output of rice on fertility are73.12%and79.35%respectively in2012and2013. The relative yields of the areas those are lack of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were83.44%,85.06%,83.32%respectively. The climate conditions have significant effect on the utilization rate of fertilizer and the input of fertilizer has great effects on the yield of rice.2、Under the existing soil and climate conditions in LuXian County, N fertilizer has great influence on the tillering stage and K fertilizer and P fertilizer has influence on filling stage greatly and as a result, it is beneficial to improve the effective panicles and spike grain number, to provide adequate N fertilizer at the early growing stage and increasing K fertilizer and P fertilizer application in reproductive stage can help to improve the economic yield of rice.3、According to the two years’testing results, the highest processing turns of rice are processing6(N2P2K2), processing11(N3P2K2), processing10(N2P2K3) and processing7(N2P3K2) in order. The yield structure components of processing6and processing11are also the best in all processing, so the current generalized N2P2K2fertilization formula in Lu County is quite scientific and reasonable, but it also has room for improvement.4、According to the two years’analyzing results, in order to make rice yield and its components reach the highest needing theory on fertilizer proportion that is3:1:1, the fertilizer amount include that N fertilizer is18kg/667m2, P fertilizer is6kg/667m2and K fertilizer is6kg/667m2. Its fertilizer proportion is unanimous with N2P2K2(N fertilizer is12kg/667m2, P fertilizer is4kg/667m2and K fertilizer4kg/667m2) that is put into trial implementation and promotion in our county now. But according to the testing results, under the actual soil and climate conditions of Lu County, there will be inhibition on rice growth if it is based on level2to increase fertilizer amount to level3. So the most suitable fertilizer amount should be between N2P2K2and N3P3K3whose ratio is still N:P:K=3:1:1, it plays an important guiding role in perfecting the fertilization system further for my county.In order to perfect the rice planting fertilization model of our county further and increase the rice farmers’ economic income, what should be done in next step is conducting dosage adjustment between N2P2K2and N3P3K3to do field experiment.5、According to the final analyzing results, due to the reason of price, the promotion effect of fertilizer, especially fertilizer P and fertilizer K, on rice yield can’t offset the increase of production costs. So only increase investment on fertilizer subsidies for farmers can ensure our county’s food supply, and on the one hand, it can improve the farmers’ enthusiasm and increase their income, and on the other hand, it can also make use of the existing arable land resources in the efficient manner to ensure the safety of food.The experiment proves the scientific rationality about formula fertilization as well as the rationality and the necessity of the adjustment about N2P2K2fertilization formula that is promoted in LuXian County now and it provides practice and theory support on improving rice formula fertilizer in the county. At the same time, it provides a theoretical basis and research direction on rice planting dynamic fertilization of our county by analyzing the most suitable fertilizer amount and fertilization ratio of different growth periods. Adjusting fertilization in a dynamic manner can improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and protect the agricultural ecological environment.