Study On The Greening Maintenance Management Technology Of Expressway In The North Of The Yangtze River In Anhui Province

This study selected a few highway north of the Yangtze river in Anhui province as the research object, including along the river high-speed, high-speed Jintai, high-speed Lianhuo and high-speed Hean, high-speed Liuqian, high-speed Hefei and high-speed Gaojie,high-speed Wuhe, high-speed Hehuaibu and high-speed Fuxin, high-speed Hening,in view of the problems existing in the expressway greening landscape had carried out investigation and analysis, aimed at the development of maintenance management programs of science for sustainable development of highway landscape. The main results of this dissertation were as follows:1 Through the investigation, in the south of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province the highway greening plants were 72 species, belonging to 36 families and 58 genera. There were 12 species,20 species of evergreen trees and shrub,14 species,9 species of deciduous trees and shrub,9 species of woody vine and 4 species of herbaceous plants.Native tree species were 24 species, belonging to 18 families and 21 genera.which percentage is 33.3%.2 Based on the study of soil sampling analysis, the soil physical and chemical properties of highway was very poor. Most of the soil pH in the study area into alkaline pH up to a maximum 8.33; organic carbon content is very low in general, the lowest-only 0.05 g/kg; total phosphorus content of 60.22-143.50 mg/kg, available nitrogen content of 0.18-9.29 mg/kg, available phosphorus content of 1.16-2.87 mg/kg, are at a very low level; nitrogen content of 1020-19590 mg/kg, K content of 1020-19590 mg/kg, less overall content; Ca content 78.5-5655.4 mg/kg, Mg content of 79.9-302.2 mg/kg, uneven content. The soil physical and chemical properties of highway was very poor, could not meet the needs of plant nutrition.3 Pittosporum tobira strength recovery after pruning survey results show: ① the number of new shoots ermination increases notches roughness and increasing in notches maximum thickness of 0.8 to 0.6 range, with notches roughness after increasing decreasing. ②0.6～0.8cm of diameter of the cut are better,with cut after increasing decreasing.③ the cut range of 0.8 to a reduction in the number of new shoots begin germination, presumably because the highway soils, Pittosporum using strength after trimming branches lose big, and the soil and the trees need to raise dependent differences, which limits sprouting new branches. So, strengthen the fertilizer was very important link of management.4 Fluroxypyr,guizalofop-p-ethyl and glyphosate were used to clean the Broussonetia papyrifera,Solidgo canadensis and Imperata cylindrica.The results showed that there was the best Broussonetia papyrifera control effect of fluroxypyr.75.7% Water Soluble Granule glyphosate+glyphosate had best effect on controlling Solidago canadensis.There was the best Imperata cylindrica control effect of glyphosate.But the glyphosate had significant injury.Therefore, it was not recommended for use in production.The herbicidal effect of treatments with guizalofop-p-ethyl were better.5 Through the survey, the highway greening landscape pests occurred in the region in the south of Anhui was a total of 41 species, belonging to 19 families,5 orders 38 genera, there were a total of 9 kinds plant diseases.The pest disaster pose seriously threaten tothe security and ornamental value of greening plant, even cause them death.According to the study, we found out the regular pattern of outbreak and prevention process toward the main pests. The result can be referenced by organizations and personnel relative in protecting highway greening plant.