Studies On Variations Of Nutrient Components And Active Substrates In Natural And Germinated Pollen Of Lilium Siberia

Pollen, a key component of flowers, is regarded as the male gamete of flowering plants. The nutrient components of pollen is quite rich, Based on its rich nutrient components and active substrates, the known functions of pollen in health care contains improving immunity. However, most nutrient components and active substrates containing in pollen couldn’t be absorbed because the out layer of the pollen is difficult to decompose. Besides, the active substrates in natural(non-germinated) pollen are usually inactive, making the utility value of pollen drastically reduce. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the variations of nutrient components and active substrates in natural and germinated pollen.The pollen from the cut-flower cultivars in Lilium Oriental Hybridswas : Lilium siberia, it germinated in mixture solutions of sucrose( 50 g/L) and boric acid( 100 mg/L). The variations of proteins, auxins, the activity of superoxide dismutase, flavonoids and vitamin C in the natural pollen and the germinated pollen were investigated.The protein content in natural pollen and germinated pollen at different stages(2 h, 3 h after germination) was measured and compared. The results showed that the protein content in natural pollen was 21.08 % and the protein content in two-hour germinated pollen and three-hour germinated pollen was 22.24 % and 23.37 %, respectively, indicating that the protein content in germinated pollen was slightly higher than that in natural pollen, but the difference was not statistically significant( P>0.05).The total content of flavonoids in natural pollen and germinated pollen at different stages(2 h, 3 h after germination) was measured and compared. The results showed that the total content of flavonoids in natural pollen was 50.38 μg/g and total content of flavonoids in two-hour germinated pollen and three-hour germinated pollen was 63.25 μg/g and 69.82 μg/g, After statistical analysis, which indicated that the total content of flavonoids in two-hour germinated pollen was significantly higher than that in natural pollen( P<0.05), and the total content of flavonoids in three-hour germinated pollen was significantly higher than that in two-hour germinated pollen( P<0.05). Moreover, the total content of flavonoids in three-hour germinated pollen increased 38.6 % than that in natural pollen.The auxin content in natural pollen and germinated pollen at different stages( 2 h, 3 h after germination) was measured and compared. The results showed that the content of auxin in natural pollen was 15.28 mg/g and the content of auxin in two-hour germinated pollen and three-hour germinated pollen was 21.68 mg/g and 29.05 mg/g, After statistical analysis, which indicated that the content of auxin in two-hour germinated pollen was significantly higher than that in natural pollen( P<0.05), and the content of auxin in three-hour germinated pollen was significantly higher than that in two-hour germinated pollen( P<0.05). Moreover, the content of IAA in three-hour germinated pollen increased 90.1% than that in natural pollen.The activity of superoxide dismutase in natural pollen and germinated pollen at different stages( 2 h, 3 h after germination) was measured and compared. The results showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase in natural pollen was 120.15 U/g and the activity of superoxide dismutase in two-hour germinated pollen and three-hour germinated pollen was 141.18 U/g and 151.55 U/g, respectively, indicating that the activity of superoxide dismutase in germinated pollen was significantly higher than that in natural pollen( P<0.05), but the activity of superoxide dismutase in three-hour germinated pollen was not significantly higher than that in two-hour germinated pollen( P>0.05).The content of vitamin C in natural pollen and germinated pollen at different stages( 2 h, 3 h after germination) was measured and compared. The results showed that the content of vitamin C in natural pollen was 113.33 mg/100 g and the content of vitamin C in two-hour germinated pollen and three-hour germinated pollen was 172.59 mg/100 g and 199.14 mg/100 g, After statistical analysis, which indicated that the content of vitamin C in two-hour germinated pollen was significantly higher than that in natural pollen( P<0.05), the content of vitamin C in three-hour germinated pollen was significantly higher than that in two-hour germinated pollen( P<0.05). Moreover, the content of vitamin C in three-hour germinated pollen increased 75.8% than that in natural pollen.In conclusion, the germination of pollen favored the release of nutrient components and active substrates from pollen. Therefore, This research put forward a new method by means of in vitro pollen germination to broke pollen walls. This method can effectively release the active substances and nutrient components, also make up for the problems currently in the process in pollen broken. That destroyed the pollen nutrients contained, especially the active substances from the pollen, Such as all kinds of enzymes, hormones.