Studies On Regional Division Of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis In China

Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis is recorded as traditional Chinese herbal medicine by ancient Pharmacopoeia (first section,2010 edition), the source is one species named Sophora tonkinensis gapnep. from the leguminous plant. Its root and rhizome are medicinal parts and clinical use that is different from Menispermi Rhizoma. Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis has the effects such as heat clearing and detoxifying, eliminating sore swollen poison, treatment of fever, accumulation burning, sore throat and so on. Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep. and Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep. var. polyphylla S. Z. Huang et Z. C. Zhou are recorded as original species of traditional Chinese medicinal materials Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis in Guangxi Chinese medicine standard (1990 edition). Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis is recorded as traditional Chinese herbal medicine by Quality specifications of Guangxi Chuang Medicine (first volume,2008 edition).In recent years, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis had been reduced with the increasing development of its use, the narrow resources and long years of growth. It had been planted in Longan, Tiandong, Mashan and Jingxi of Guangxi province, Anlong of Guizhou province and Xichou of Yunnan province. But it failed to achieve large-scale promotion because of the issues about scarce seedlings and hard base management. On the other hand the long years of growth made it cannot meet the demand of current market. So it was time to promote scientific and rational planting. Regionalization was an important basis for the development of Chinese herbal medicine production and cultivation guide rational use of resources. According to elements of division constituted into ecological and production divisions. The present study on Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis focus on the effective chemical constituents and pharmacological effects. But there were very few researches on the suitable factors of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis. Nowadays there were some problems the existing regional division of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis as the following five aspects. First, in current regional division only for its varieties, but it lacked division in the process of practical production. Second, nowadays accuracy of ecological data used in natural divisions of Chinese herbal medicine was lower (resolution about 1 km), the results was useless. Third, the data used in the national and provincial scale was in the same precision, division of traditional Chinese medicine was not clear. Fourth, now study on higher accuracy of ecological data was less. Fifth, at present it usually ignore the quality of medicines and its ecological environment about division of Chinese herbal medicine, therefore we should emphatically study the research of local traditional Chinese medicine. In this paper for different regions of the country’s quality assessment research was conducted on Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis. In this thesis, it evaluate quality of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis from different areas in China and include the related research for root, leaf of the base sources. Combined geographic information system, botany, statistics and other subjects, according to all kinds of ecological environment that affects distribution of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis. The study would begin with the target of high quality and yield, high efficiency. To provide basis for the selection of artificial and planting Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis. At the same time, it provided reference method as the research on Habitat Suitability Regionalization of other Chinese herbal medicines.1 The study of quality evaluation of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis1.1 Evaluation of external propertiesColor of 43 medicinal materials from national origin were observed by RHSCC. Colour of xylem of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis is regarded as yellow-orange group D of page 14 and D of page 15 in Fan 1 from RHSCC. Based on chinese pharmacopoeia colour of xylem of the medicine was supplementary to its evaluation of external properties.1.2 Evaluation of physical behaviorsSophora tonkinensis Gagnep. and Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep. var. polyphylla S. Z. Huang et Z. C. Zhou were observed and compared by the methods of morphological identification and microscopic identification. And the microscopic observation and micro-morphological study of veinal and leaflet characters were completed by SEM and AM in this paper. The number of leaflets and leaf pubescence of leaf surfaces are the primary taxonomic character to distinguish adult plants of Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep. and Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep. var. polyphylla S. Z. Huang et Z. C. Zhou more fast and accurately. The study about the vein and surface of the leaflet of the two species can provide better classification and identification. Accord to other morphological characteristics the adult and young plants of the two species more accurately. By paraffin method and identification of powder observe the species. There are lots of different characters about the internal structure of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis, such as cork layer cells, fibers, columnar crystals, xylem ray, and so on. According to these above-mentioned characters are more useful and better scientific classification of the two species. At the same time based on these above-mentioned characters of the two species, it could be used to solve the problem of identification of germchit, mature plants and dried medicinal material. So it was regarded as a standard of evaluation of physical behaviors.1.3 Evaluation of chemical chemicalIn this thesis, matrine and oxymatrine of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis from more than 12 cities of 3 province is determined by HPLC. And cluster analysis was treated with matrine and oxymatrine content as the index. There is no significant correlation between matrine and oxymatrine content. The results showed that were treated with matrine and oxymatrine content as the index clustering analysis. The results of the study show that there were large difference about total content of matrine and oxymatrine of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis from different place. So it was more important to studies on its regional division. The total content of matrine and oxymatrine of each medicinal material was higher than the Pharmacopoeia (0.7%). The total content of Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep. var. polyphylla S. Z. Huang et Z. C. Zhou from Masgan and Xingcheng was from 1% to 2%. There was not significant about total content of matrine and oxymatrine of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis from two species. Therefore the two species could be used as Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis.2. Studies on regional division of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis2.1 Quantitative study on the ecological suitabilityIn the study, it included suitability regionalization porducing area and establish index system of ecological environment of eugenics by using the date of collection of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis, environmental factors, Maxent and ArcGIS10 of GIS etc. The results showed that suitable distribution area is Hechi, Duan, Nandan, Dahua, Donglan,etc. in Guangxi province; Funing, Ma Lipo, Xichou in Yunnan; Xingren, Xingyi, Anlong, etc. in Guizhou. The results of the analysis were same to the results of the fourth census of natural resources of Chinese medicinal materials, it showed that the results were reliable and scientific.2.2 Studies on regional divisionAccording to existing documents and chinese pharmacopoeia of all ages, matrine and oxymatrine of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis was recorded as the quality standard. With the different effect of matrine and oxymatrine in pharmacology, this study was around the producing area suitability and production division of these two components. According to the literatures there was property of mutual transformation between matrine and oxymatrine. The results showed that Hechi, Duan, Nandan, Dahua, Donglan, Pingguo, Tiane, Xincheng, Tiandeng and Jingxi were the most suitable planting areathe. According to the most suitable area statistics on matrine and oxymatrine of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis in the Counties, Guangxi accounted for about 75% of the suitable area.In this paper there are studies of quality evaluation of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis in different place of production. At the same time according to ecological environment and quality-related factors of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensisis. Regional division was in order to carry out high-quality, high-yield targeted and its suitable based select reference. At the same time it would provide a more scientific basis for its higher medicinal plant production.