Screening Of Overwintering Tomato Varieties In Energy-saving Solar Greenhouse Of Heilongjiang Province

Solanum lycopersicum L. is a kind of vegetable crops widely planted in facilities cultivation, and because of its outstanding performance in flavor and nutrition it is popular with consumers. Restricted by natural environment, cold winter became off-season of vegetable production. While with the continuous development of horticultural facilities, the situation is improved, in addition to optimizing the structure and type of facilities, etc, we bred many tomato varieties with excellent characters, such as strong cold-resistant capability, disease-resistant capability and so on. With such a diversity of tomato varieties, all varieties differ from each other in winter cultivation from place to place.To screen suitable tomato varieties for wintering cultivation in Heilongjiang Province, the experiment was carried out with eight tomato varieties ‘Futesi’(S-F), ‘Tianmei 30’(S-T), ‘Manxina’(S-M), ‘Guanghui 101’(M-101), ‘Guanghui 201’(M-201), ‘Jizaohongfen’(M-J), ‘Laosite’(L-L), ‘Fengshou’(L-F), and the comprehensive evaluation was given based on the agronomy traits, cold-resistant capability, desease, yield, quality and so on.Appropriate planting time was one of key to tomato overwintering cultivation, so the experiment was carried out with two planting dates to preliminary screen appropriate planting date for tomato overwintering cultivation.The results showed that,Small sized tomato ‘Futesi’(S-F), middle sized tomato ‘Guanghui 101’(M-101) and large sized tomato ‘Fengshou’(L-F) had early maturity.In small sized tomato varieties ‘Futesi’(S-F) had the most serious late blight, small sized tomato ‘Tianmei 30’(S-T) and middle sized tomato ‘Guanghui 101’(M-101) had lighter disease, and in large sized tomato varieties ‘Laosite’(l-l) had serious grey mold, while ‘Fengshou’(L-F) had light disease.Compared from cold-resistant physiological indexes, in small sized tomato varieties the average membership value of ‘Tianmei 30’(S-T) was higher, and had better cold-resistant capability, while ‘Futesi’(M-F) had poorer cold-resistant capability. In the middle sized tomato varietier ‘Guanghui 101’(M-101) had better cold-resistant capability. In large sized tomato varieties ‘Laosite’(L-L) and ‘Fengshou’(L-F) had similar cold-resistant capability.In small sized tomato varieties ‘Manxina’(S-M) had the highest yield, while ‘Tianmei 30’(S-T) had lower yield. Middle sized tomato ‘Guanghui 101’ had lower yield than the others, and in the large sized tomato varieties ‘Fengshou’(L-F) had higher yield than ‘Laosite’(L-L).Small sized tomato ‘Tianmei 30’(S-T) and middle sized tomato ‘Guanghui 101’(M-101) had good quality while ‘Fengshou’(L-F) had poor quality.Tomatoes planted on August 20 th had shorter growth duration, larger fruit number, heavier single fruit weight and higher yield than tomatoes planted on August 31 th.Based on the analysis of several aspects, ‘Fengshou’ showed the characteristics of high yield, better cold-resistant capability, less deformity fruit, and prematurity, which was suitable for wintering cultivation in Heilongjiang Province. Having better quality, better cold-resistant capability and lighter disease, ‘Guanghui 101’ and ‘Tianmei 30’ could be cultivated as fruit vegetables, which enriched the winter market with less seasonal fruits. Through the experiment, we thought tomatoes planted on August 20 th was more advantageous than planted on August 31 th, and we would like to suggest that tomatoes should be planted appropriate earlier.