Prevalence On Canine Gastrointestinal Nematodes In 10 Cities Of China

The gastrointestinal parasitic diseases are caused by different kinds of parasites which are parasitic on he gastrointestinal tract of dogs, of which the most nematode diseases significantly. The gastrointestinal nematode diseases are the common chronic consumptions in dogs. The incident simultaneously presented the symptoms of anemia 、 emaciation 、gastroenteritis、diarrhea、emesis. More than that, though, the diseases may cause death. The canine gastrointestinal nematode is one of the most serious parasitic diseases which can infect human being. The canine gastrointestinal nematodes caused severe damage to canine culture industry.The objective of our study is to investigate the prevalence of canine gastrointestinal nematodes and identify the potential risk factors in different areas of China. Our survey on canine gastrointestinal nematodes in China is expected to provide a useful reference for veterinarian and clinicians. The gastrointestinal nematodes-infected canine should be treated for hygienic management to prevent transmission in dog-to-human.Our study was beginning from October 2013 to ending of October 2014. The fecal samples were collected from 358 dogs in 10 regions in China(75°E to 130°E and 44°N to 20°N) including Harbin, Guangzhou, Haikou, Jinan, Qinhuangdao, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Tai’an, Urumqi, Zhengzhou were examined. Flotation technique、direct smear and method of precipitation allowed to detected eggs and cysts. The flotation technique using larger proportion of saturated salt water makes the proportion of smaller eggs float in the surface of solution, concentration and to achieve. In microscopy observation to the eggs(cysts) notarizes the infection of the canine gastrointestinal nematodes which is positive.Several common gastrointestinal nematodes were discovered with different frequencies: Ancylostoma caninum(19.0 %), Toxocara canis(16.5 %), Strongyloides stercoralis(7.8 %), Physaloptera(4.2 %), Trichuris vulpis(0.3 %). The results suggested that the overall infection of the canine gastrointestinal nematodes was 41.1 %.In terms of different regions, the rate of Strongyloides stercoralis is the highest among the several common gastrointestinal nematodes in Urumqi, which was 14.8 %; what of Toxocara canis is the highest in Harbin, which was 23.8 %; what of Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma caninum and Strongyloides stercoralis are the highest in Jinan, which was 8.0 %; what of Ancylostoma caninum is the highest in Tai’an, which was 48.9 %; what of Ancylostoma caninum is the highest in Qinghuangdao, which was 20.7 %; what of Ancylostoma caninum is the highest in Zhengzhou, which was 16.7%; what of Toxocara canis is in Shanghai, which was 25.0 %; what of Ancylostoma caninum is the highest in Guangzhou, which was 23.3 %; what of Toxocara canis is the highest in Shenzhen, which was 26.7 %; what of Ancylostoma caninum is the highest in Haikou, which was 38.7 %.The prevalence of canine gastrointestinal nematodes was single infection 52.4 %, 35.0 % and 29.6 %, and no mixed infection in Harbin, Shanghai and Urumqi. The prevalence of canine gastrointestinal nematodes was consisted of single infection 53.3 % and mixed infection 10.0 % in Guangzhou; Single infection 38.7 % and mixed infection 16.1 % in Haikou; Single infection 24.0 % and mixed infection 1.3 % in Jinan; Single infection 20.7 % and mixed infection 10.3 % in Qinhuangdao; Single infection 43.3 % and mixed infection 6.7 % in Shenzhen; Single infection 44.4 % and mixed infection 15.6 % in Tai’an; Single infection 20.0 % and mixed infection 14.3 % in Zhengzhou. The results showed that many dogs infect one canine gastrointestinal nematode. The minority had the condition of mixed infection.The unitary infection rates of female(42.0 %) and male(41.2 %) have no significant difference in the all canine, only the infection of female is more than male in Urumqi. Trichuris vulpis were only found in females. The age groups show no significant difference in the whole survey. The infection is 39.4 % in dogs < 1 years old group, 39.2 % in the 1~3 years ole group, 46.4 % in the 3~5 years old group, 57.9 % in the > 5 years old group, but the rate in the > 5 years old group is the most. The overall infection showed increasing trend along with the increasing age. The infection rate is 35.0 % in Shanghai, 52.4 % in Harbin, 63.3 % in Guangzhou, 54.8 % in Haikou, 25.3 % in Jinan, 31.0 % in Qinhuangdao, 50.0 % in Shenzhen, 60.0 % in Tai’an, 29.6 % in Xinjiang, 23.3 % in Zhengzhou. It is easy for us to see that the infection rate of gastrointestinal nematodes in Guangzhou is higher than others among all of the cities and the infection rate in Harbin has no significant difference with other areas besides Jinan and Zhengzhou.In China, examination of the status of canine gastrointestinal nematodes infection in canines is very important for the acquisition of information regarding canine gastrointestinal nematodes. The aim of this study was to carry out a survey for the presence of canine gastrointestinal nematodes infection in canine to identify risk factors for infection. This study was the first large-scale survey of canine gastrointestinal nematodes in China, and is expected to provide a useful reference for veterinarian and clinicians. Canine gastrointestinal nematodes-infected canine should be treated for hygienic management to prevent transmission in dog-to-human.