| The grassland degradation of China is seriously, and the development of artificial forage grass base is important for solving the shortage and developing grassland animal husbandry. Leymus chinensis is perennial rhizome grass root, which is widely distributed in the eastern part of the Eurasian steppe region, it is one of the most widely distributed and the highest value of excellent grass. It has strong adaptability, cold and drought resistance, barren resistance and salt tolerance characteristics, rich nutrient, huge market potential. Fertilization is the main measure to improve the yield and quality of forage. The experiment in the grassland degradation to carry out serious in Yanchi County of Ningxia, and pot experiments, the study of water and fertilizer effect on yield, quality and nutrient uptake of Leymus chinensis. The main results are as follows: 1. Fertilization effectively promote vegetative growth of Leymus chinensis, there was significant difference in the different kinds of fertilizer; Phosphorus fertilizer had a significant effect on tiller number, plant height, leaf length, leaf width,but the influence degree less than nitrogen. With the extension of the growth stage, the number of the tiller increased, the early stage of the fertility was fast, and the late stage was slow. Fertilizer treatment had a significant effect on reproductive growth of Leymus chinensis and applying 90 kg N?hm-2, 120 kg P2O5 ?hm-2 cent tiller number, spikelet number, spikelet number per spike, grain number and the grain weight, maximum, compared with the control were increased by 42.4%, 24.7%, 48.3%, 76.7%, 13.0%. 2. The effect of increasing the yield of nitrogen fertilizer is remarkable, and the effect of increasing the yield of potassium fertilizer is remarkable. Hay yield fitting optimum amount of fertilizer applied were 150 kg N?hm-2, 157 kg P2O5 ?hm-2, 116 kg K2 O ?hm-2, seed yield fitting optimum amount of fertilizer applied were 51 kg N?hm-2, 160 kg P2O5?hm-2, 118 kg K2O?hm-2, by grass for the purpose of adding proper application of nitrogen fertilizer, by seed for the purpose; to seed breeding to appropriately increase the phosphorus and potassium. 3. Unit of economic output of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake decreases with the increase of fertilizer increases first and then decreases, the different kinds of fertilizer effect level are significant differences; nitrogen fertilizer application on nitrogen for each unit of economic output absorption effect significantly, P Fertilization on phosphorus for each unit of economic output absorption effect significantly. The absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of N application rate, and the increase of P fertilizer N application was appropriate for N uptake, and P uptake by N fertilizer was promoted by N fertilizer. 4. Fertilization could increase the content of crude protein significantly in Leymus chinensis, crude protein content decreased with the increase of the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer increased first and then decreased, the application of 120 kg P2O5?hm-2, 90 kg N?hm-2 crude protein content than the control increased by 4.28 percentage points; with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer increased crude fiber content decreased, with phosphate fertilizer increased crude fiber content increased at first and then decreases. Zinc fertilizer can effectively increase the content of crude protein, reduce the content of crude fiber and nitrogen free extracts. 5. The SPAD value of the extension of the growth period decreases and then increases.June and May are higher, and July is slightly lower. Increased with the nitrogen and potassium application rate; with phosphate fertilizer application increased the SPAD change significantly, microelement fertilizer varying degrees of improve the SPAD value, copper fertilizer effect optimal. 6. With N and P fertilizer application rate of increase of soil moisture in different soil layers decreased first and then increased; Surface soil containing water differences larger; fertilizer application affected the soil moisture distribution, 0-60 cm soil moisture changes significantly, 80-200 cm moisture content with the increase of soil depth. 7. With the increase of microbial viable bacteria, hay yield increased at first, and then decress,the hay yield of 27 trillions of viable bacteria per hectare was 5072.5 kg?hm-2, higher than the control of 69.4%. 8. The high temperature water on the yield of Leymus chinensis significantly affected, 40% ~ 60% FC of the moisture content of Leymus chinensis production increased rapidly, the soil moisture more than 60% FC stimulation slowly. The effect of irrigation in different stages was remarkable, and the effect of irrigation in June was better than that of September, and the effect of irrigation was affected by temperature. |
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