Analysis Of Fatty Acid And Other Functional Compoments In Tree Peony Seed Oil

This study focuses on evaluation of the nutritive constituents in tree peony seed oil, to explore its edible and healthy potential, further for comprehensively developing tree peony. Supercritical CO2 extraction apparatus was applied to extract the oil from peony seeds. Afterwards, by using methods of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS), high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer(LC-MS/MS), we determined the compositions and contents of fatty acids and other functional components such as phenolic compounds, vitamin E. The results are shown as follows:First, we analyzed the fatty acid constituents of the seed oil from nine species, respectively. The results revealed oil extraction rate was different among different peony species, and that of Paeonia ostii is the highest(22.31%). Peony seed oil was rich in unsaturated fatty acids, including linolenic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid. There were significant differences in the total content of fatty acids among different species. P. potaninii showed the highest content of total fatty acids(90.29g/100 g crude oil) which were dramatically higher than the others. There were also obviously differences in the content of monomer fatty acid among different species. Linolenic acid content of P. potaninii(39.45g/100 g crude oil) was almost three times that of P. decomposita; linoleic acid content of P. potaninii(25.06g/100 g crude oil) was also distinctly higher than that of P.qiui(9.03g/100 g crude oil).Second, we also analyzed and evaluated fatty acid compositions of seed oil of Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’ from seven regions. There were significant differences in the total content of fatty acids among peony seed oil from different regions, ranging from77.33 to 97.38g/100 g crude oil. P. ostii ‘Feng Dan’ from Bin County showed the highest content of total fatty acids. There were also obviously differences in the content of monomer fatty acid among different regions. Linolenic acid content from Bin County and Feng County(38.25 and 37.50g/100 g crude oil) was higher than that from Tongling County et al.; and linoleic acid content from Xunyang County(30.62g/100 g crude oil) was also distinctly higher than that of other producing areas. Correlation analysis indicated the content of linoleic acid was negative correlation to other fatty acid. And an correlation was observed between the contents of linolenic acid, oleic acid and the total content of fatty acids.Third, the phenolic compounds, vitamin E and other functional constituents were measured. The data showed that mainly phenolic compounds consisted of catechin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, rutin and kaempferol, respectively 6.71, 2.41, 2.99, 1.72, 0.91μg/g crude oil. The tocopherol isomerides were as follows: DL-α-tocopherol(892.50μg/kg crude oil), β- and(+)-γ-tocopherol(82.75μg/kg crude oil),(+)-δ-tocopherol(142.50μg/kg crude oil). The contents of squalene and β-sitosterol were 37.55μg/g crude oil and 23.60μg/g crude oil.Taking all above into consideration, the seed oil of tree peony contains considerable nutritional ingredients. Besides, there was likely to be interspecific and regional differences in the contents of main functional components among species and ecological types. Thus, advantageous species could be considered to breed new tree peony cultivar for oil production.