| As the main raw material for bio ethanol and inulin industry, how to raise the tuber biological yield and quality become the focus of jerusalem artichoke research.The experiment taking red skin jerusalem artichoke as material and studied the effect of root cutting on tuber biomass and quality in Helianthus tuberosus L. under field environment by designing two root cutting stages(vegetative growth stage and squaring stage) and five root cutting radius(0,20,40,60,80cm). Taking observation and recording agronomic traits, C, N, P content of each organ, calorific value, ash content,soluble sugar and starch of Jerusalem artichoke in different treatments. The results showed:Cutting decreased the tuber number no matter in reproductive stage or vegetative growth phase. Its number increased with the increasing of cutting radius. the minimum number of tuber reached 81.67 in the treatment of 20 cm during Squaring stage and it was the minimum. Cutting radius of 20 cm and 40 cm made the number of leaf and flower decreased, but the other two conditions made it increased. Cutting reduced the biomass of leaf, flower and root but increased tuber biomass significantly.The tuber biomass reached 447.48g/plant which was the maximum in treatment of20 cm during squaring stage.Root cutting treatment significantly increased the root / shoot ratio and stem/leaf ratio of Jerusalem artichoke. Tuber mass ratio was obviously increased while the others were significantly reduced. The root/shoot ratio and tuber mass ratio reached the maximum in the treatment of 20 cm when cutting during squaring stage. They were 0.95 and 46.30%. And the mass ratio of root, stem, leaf, flower reached the minimum under the same condition. The stem/leaf ratio reached the maximum 3.92 in the treatment of 40 cm when cutting during vegetative growth stage.Cutting treatment improved the content of C in root, stem, leaf, flower, tuber especially in squaring stage. And C in tuber reached the maximum 47.36% in the treatment of 80 cm during squaring stage. The content of N in root, stem, flower and tuber were all significantly decreased. But in the treatment of 20 cm during squaring stage, N in organs were all increased and the N in tuber reached the maximum 2.57%.P content in leaf was decreased, while in tuber it was increased and reached itsmaximum 0.209% in the treatment of 20 cm during vegetative growth stage.In the treatment of 20 cm cutting during vegetative growth stage, N:P of leaf was greater than 16, limited by P; In the treatment of 60 cm cutting during vegetative growth stage, N:P of stem was between 14 and 16, restricted P and N. In the treatment of 20 cm cutting during squaring stage, N:P of stem, leaf were higher than 16, limited by P and N:P of root was between 14 and 16, restricted P and N in same condition. So was N:P of root in the treatment of 60 cm. N:P in organs under other conditions were all less than 14 and restricted by N.Cutting root can improve the caloric value of organs to some extent. But the caloric value of root, stem and leaf were improved significantly when cutting during squaring stage. The ash of stem, leaf and flower all significantly decreased. The caloric value and ash of tuber reached its maximum and minimum respectively in the treatment of 20 cm during squaring stage.Cutting treatment significantly increased the soluble sugar content of stem, leaf,flower and tuber, but decreased it of root. In the treatment of 20 cm during vegetative growth stage the soluble sugar content of the various organs were decreased. In the treatment of 80 cm during vegetative growth stage, soluble sugar content of tuber acquired its maximum 88.85%.Cutting improved the starch content of stem, leaf, flower and root but decreased it of tuber. Tuber starch content in control acquired the maximum 5.63% and in the treatment of 20 cm during vegetative growth stage it reached the minimum 3.34%. |
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