Introduction And Breeding Of Ornamental Varieties In Acer Rubrum

With its straight trunk, hard wood, clean leaves, colorful leaves in autumn,Acer rubrum. is one of the most representative species in trees of colored leaves, which has been used in landscaping, but also commonly used for dryland shelterbelt species and scenic forest species. Acer rubrum is colorful, imposing, magnificent,and forms quite good landscape results.Of which has adaptability to a single row or double row planting, and often forms a landscape Avenue.Based on the introduction from Oregon State in USA,12 ornamental varieties in Acer rubrum were observed and studied.Mastering the phenological characteristics, color rendering, growth law, and studying the wintering performance, summering performance, adaptability and pest control in the introduction and cultivation,12 ornamental varieties in softwood cuttings provided theoretical and practical basis for large-scale cultivation of Acer rubrum.Through comparation on morphological phenology, ornamental characteristics, adaptability, and reproductive survival rate, Red Sunset Maple, Acer rubrum ‘October Glory’, Redpointe were screened out and summed up a system of cultivation techniques to provide technical support to further promote the use of Acer rubrum. The main conclusions are as follows:1. From the point of view on phenological observations, Acer rubrum ’Brandywine’ bud earliest and leaf earliest; Acer rubrum ’Autumn Flame’ of autumn leaves changed color earliest in autumn flames, and had the longest discoloration. Due to Acer rubrum age, planting management measures, the impact of different external conditions, compared with the country of origin, the introduction of some Acer rubrum ornamental varieties phenology change slightly.With increasing age of introduction and cultivation, phenology will stabilize.2. Through overwintering form performances of 12 ornamental varieties in Acer rubrum, the cold resistance strength of the differences is significant. Cold resistance is strong(Ⅰ) : Acer Fremanii ’Sienna Glen’, Red Sunset Maple, Acer rubrum ‘October Glory’, Redpointe, x freemanii ‘Autumn Blaze’.Cold resistance is moderate(Ⅱ): Acer rubrum "Northfire",’Bowhall’, Acer rubrum ’Brandywine’, x freemanii“MARMO”, Acer × freemanii ’Morgan’.Cold resistance is poor(Ⅲ): Summer Red, Acer rubrum ’Autumn Flame’..3. After the summer field observation, among the introduction of the 12 Acer rubrum ornamental varieties, In addition to some leaves of Acer Fremanii ’Sienna Glen’ shrink curling, leaf margin side in a small amount of new leaves of Acer rubrum "Northfire" was cook, the rest of several Acer rubrum ornamental varieties were not found heat damage symptoms, and are growing well.4.There were fewer pests on 12 Acer rubrum ornamental varieties, mainly Lycorma delicatula, yellow slug, star beetles and other pests. The diseases are rare, mainly due to large planting density plots damp area, more serious diseases, this needs to improve ventilation and lighting. Been observed, preliminary draw that the resistance to pests and diseases is strong(Ⅰ): Red Sunset Maple, Acer rubrum ‘October Glory’, Acer rubrum "Northfire", Redpointe, x freemanii“MARMO”, Acer × freemanii ’Morgan’;the resistance to pests and diseases is moderate(Ⅱ): Acer Fremanii ’Sienna Glen’, Acer rubrum ’Brandywine’, Acer rubrum ’Autumn Flame’;the resistance to pests and diseases is poor(Ⅲ) : Summer Red, ’Bowhall’, x freemanii ‘Autumn Blaze’.5. There were softwood cuttings propagation on 12 Acer rubrum ornamental varieties, the softwood cuttings survival rate is high between 75%-80% in Red Sunset Maple, Acer rubrum ‘October Glory’, Redpointe and x freemanii ‘Autumn Blaze’, the softwood cuttings survival rate is low at 60% or less in ’Bowhall’, Acer × freemanii ’Morgan’.Research on rooting cuttings and survival rate in different matrices on Red Sunset Maple, Acer rubrum ‘October Glory’ and Redpointe, the softwood cuttings survival rate is highest.in perlite matrix between three varieties.6. Based on the introduction from 12 ornamental varieties in Acer rubrum were observed and studied.Mastering the phenological characteristics, color rendering, growth law, and studying the wintering performance, summering performance, adaptability and pest control in the introduction and cultivation.Through comparation on morphological phenology, ornamental characteristics, adaptability, and reproductive survival rate, Red Sunset Maple, Acer rubrum ‘October Glory’, Redpointe were screened out to be improved varieties with cold, drought, adaptable, high survival rate of breeding.