Study On Characteristics Of Plant Community And Programming Of The Theme Flower In Shenzhen City Parks

This paper taked the12Shenzhen urban parks as the objects of investigation and research,using the phytocoenology, landscape aesthetics, psychology, landscape planning, design, and soon related discipline as the theoretic base to study the characteristics of plant community and theprogramme of the theme flower. First of all, this paper analyzed the species composition, plantapplication frequency, community structure, seasonal aspect, quantitative analysis etc.. Secondly,this research applied the AHP-fuzzy model to build a comprehensive assessment system toappraise the plant communities landscape on the view of qualitative and quantitative research inShenzhen parks, in order to provide suggestion for the theme flower configuration mode. Finally,this paper concluded and analyzed some theories and principles of the theme flower planning.From physical landscape and cultural landscape two aspects to selecte, refine and establish themeflowers of Shenzhen parks. The main conclusions were as follows:(1) In the urban parks, plant species were abundant. Main vascular plant species were343species, belonging to244genera and95families, including145local species, which accountedfor42.3%,198exotic species, which occupied57.7%. It showed that the species composition ofShenzhen parks gived priority to exotic species. The species of commom plants were less, butpart of the plants had a high application frequency, so we should increase developing andutilizing the local plant resources, and improve the biodiversity of urban green space.(2) Through the survey and analysis of the plant communities structure, the plantcommunity density was1281plants/hm2, which located in a more ideal interval. The treespecies’ diameter level was centralized in8~32cm, which showed that the plant communitieswere mainly in young and middle age, and still in the fast growing period. The arbor-shrub-grassratio was1:1.1:6.4:16.8, the application of bush species should be increased. The layer ratio wasin0.25~0.75, which was more reasonable. The results of studying seasonal aspect showed that,the vegetation types of Shenzhen parks was mainly evergreen broad-leaf forest, seasonal flowerplants had rich colors, seasonal fruit plants were Concentrated in the summer and fall, colorfulleaves in spring were more beautiful than in autumn.(3) Using the road and green fence to form the samples, this article analyzed the plantdiversity characteristics of the parks by Gleason index, diversity index and Pielou index. Theresults showed that: The species richness and plant diversity of green space in Shenzhen parkswere high. The Gleason index of different parks and different functional areas were significantlydifferent, but the trends of Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index and Pielou index wererelatively consistent. As the comprehensive index reflecting the richness and evenness, theShannon-Wiener index was more sensitive to the richness change，and the Simpson index wasmore sensitive to the evenness change.(4) The plant community types of Shenzhen parks were various, and had some zonalcharacteristics. The116plots of urban parks in Shenzhen are classified into20vegetation communities with SPSS hierarchical analysis, which basically reflecting the mainly artificialvegetation types of the Shenzhen parks, and providing important material base for plantlandscape evaluation and theme flower planning.(5) AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was used to appraise the20plant communities ofgreen space in Shenzhen parks, in the process of building a evaluation model, this paper set up4target layers and13evaluation factors, then through the expert assignment construct judgmentmatrix. The evaluation results showed that: the Delonix regia association had the highestlandscape quality, and the lowest level of landscape quality was Syzygium jambos association.The plant communities which Scored in8.0~9.9accounted for40%, Scored in6.0~7.9occupied65%, Scored below6.0only occupied10%, which reacted the park green space landscape was inabove average level.(6) In planning the theme flowering of Shenzhen parks, this article concluded and analyzedsome theoretical knowledge, put forward the principles of planning and design. From physicallandscape and cultural landscape two aspects to selecte, refine and establish theme flowers ofShenzhen parks. It was important to improve the image of the parks and actively promote tobuild the most beautiful city.