Study Of The Soil Improvement In Spoil Ground Of Plants Under Different Fertilizations

Highways, railways and other construction projects due to the change of ground willproduce a lot of waste soil and residue, these newly created bodies piled up a lot ofdisturbance farmland, woodland and other land resources, destruction of the natural landscapeof local coordination, resulting in serious soil and water loss, because of the bad structure andthe disorders, poor physical and chemical properties, organic matter, nutrients and water arevery lacking, so it is very extremely unfavorable to resume farming and landscape features inurgent need of improvement. Based on this, we constructed the experimental filed tosimulation the spoil ground in ChangWU Wang Dong Gou, selected Trrifolium repens L,Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb, Coronilla varia L, Astragalus adsurgens Pall, Onobrychisviciaefolia Scop, Medicago sativa L and Lolium perenne L, research the soil improvement in0-10cm,10-20cm of the spoil ground of these plants under no fertilizer, organic and straw, weset one fild without fertilization and plant as a control.The main conclusions as follows:(1) Soil physical properties: no fertilizer and organic fertilizer processed the soilmoisture has significantly improved compared to the control, in the0-10cm soil layersincreased by2.45%、3.88%, in the10-20cm soil layers increased by1.38%,2.4%; the dealwith straw is lower than control, in the0-10cm soil layers decreased by1.31%, in the10-20cm soil layers decreased by0.35%. Soil bulk density and porosity were improved withthese three deals, in the0-10cm soil: no fertilizer, organic fertilizer and straw processingfacilities were reduced compared with the control by0.03g/cm3,0.05g/cm3,0.15g/cm3,porosity increased1.33%,1.88%,5.87%; in10-20cm soil: three treatments reduced density0.08g/cm3,0.04g/cm3,0.14g/cm3, porosity increased by3.16%,1.53%,5.27%.(2) Soil chemical properties: applied into organic fertilizer and straw can significantlyincrease the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, availablephosphorus and available potassium, but after the first year of planting the plants, all thenutrients content showed a downward trend, and the soil nutrients content in0-10cm is higher than10-20cm. Specific data for each indicators as follows:Soil organic matter: in the0-10cm soil layers: no fertilizer has reduced by11.9%compared with the control, organic fertilizer and straw has reduced by12.0%,21.7%compared with the base soil value; in the10-20cm soil layers: no fertilizer has2.5%lowerthan the control, organic fertilizer and straw has25.6%,24.1%lower than base soil value.Soil total nitrogen: in the0-10cm layers: no fertilizer reduced by15.4%compared withthe control, organic fertilizer and straw lower than the base soil17.7%,11.8%; in the10-20cmlayers: no fertilizer reduced by6.3%compared with the control, organic fertilizer has reducethan the base value22.6%, the deal with straw has increased by5.6%than the base value.Soil NH4+-N: in the0-10cm layers: no fertilizer has reduced by12.7%compared with thecontrol, organic fertilizer and straw were lower than the based soil values8.4%,9.6%; in the10-20cm layers: no fertilizer increased by1.7%compared with the control, compared with thebase soil values, organic fertilizer decrease by13.0%, straw has increased by6.5%.Soil NO3--N: in the0-10cm layers: no fertilizer has reduced by11.5%compared with thecontrol, organic fertilizer and straw over the base soil values were decreased by12.2%,4.2%;in the10-20cm layers: no fertilizer increased by11.3%compared with the control, organicfertilizer and straw based soil values were reduced by12.1%,6.1%.Soil available phosphorus: in the0-10cm layers: no fertilizer was increased by128.6%compared with control, organic fertilizer and straw over the base soil values has increased by10.0%,5.7%; in the10-20cm layers: no fertilizer increased101.0%compared with the control,organic fertilizer has decreased18.6%compared with the base soil values, and straw hasincreased12.9%compared with the base value.Soil available potassium: in the0-10cm layers: no fertilizer was increased by10.6%compared with control, organic fertilizer was lower9.4%than the based soil value, the deal ofstraw was increased14.4%compared to the base soil values; in the10-20cm layers: nofertilizer increased24.7%compared with the control, organic fertilizer has decreased21.5%compared to the base values, the treatment of straw has increased9.7%than the base values.(3) Using the subordinate function values analysis with the soil fertility of seven species,the comprehensive evaluation result is: the plants under on fertilizer are: Melilotus suaveolensLedeb．> Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.> Coronilla varia L.> Trrifolium repens L.> Astragalusadsurgens Pall.> Lolium perenne L.> Medicago sativa L.; the plants under organic fertilizerare: Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.> Astragalus adsurgens Pall.> Coronilla varia L.> Loliumperenne L.> Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb．=Trrifolium repens L.> Medicago sativa L.; theplants under straw are: Astragalus adsurgens Pall.> Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.=Lolium perenne L.> Coronilla varia L.> Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb．> Trrifolium repens L.>Medicago sativa L..