The Stability Of Exogenous Spermine In The Feed And Its Impact On The Growth And Organ Development Of Suckling And Early Weaned Piglets

Three experiments were conducted to determine stability of exogenous spermine infeed and its impact on growth and organ development of suckling and early weanedpiglets.(1)30kg suckling piglet complete feed and lactating sow premix was evenly dividedinto two groups, one of the groups contained no exogenous spermine and the other groupcontained1.8g exogenous spermine. Samples were collected from feed of each group atday0,14,28,42and56respectively, spermine levels was determined by highperformance liquid chromatography technique.The results showed that: there was nosignificant difference in spermine levels between the samples collected at day42and56from group with added exogenous spermine (P>0.05). Spermine levels of complete feedof group with added exogenous spermine from day14and28was significantly higherthan that from day28and42respectively (P<0.01), spermine levels of premix of groupwith added exogenous spermine from day0and28was significantly higher than thatfrom day14and42respectively (P<0.01). Spermine levels of group without addedexogenous spermine collected at day28was significantly lower than that of groupwithout added exogenous spermine collected at day14(P<0.01), but there was nosignificant difference compared with that of samples collected at day42(P>0.05).Therefore, the levels of exogenous spermine of suckling piglet complete feed andlactating sow premix was decreased quickly, its stability was affected by feed ingredientsand storage duration.(2)15lactating sows were allotted to one controlling group and four treatment groupsat random with3sows in each group, all sows offered the same basal diets and the initialaverage body weight of suckling piglets among five groups had no significant difference.Suckling piglets from controlling group and treatment groups were fed diet addedexogenous spermine at level of0,3,6,9and12mg/kg, respectively from day7to day35, all piglets were weaned at day21. Results showed that: piglets offered dietsupplemented with exogenous spermine decreased the incidence of diarrhoea of pigletsfrom day7to day35, increased the survival rate of piglets from day28to day35and theaverage daily gain of piglets from day21to day28, as well as the the ratio of gain tofeed of piglets from day7to day35. The results showed that optimal performance ofpiglets was achieved when offered piglets a diet with exogenous spermine at a level of12mg/kg.(3)9lactating sows were allotted to one controlling group (A group) and twotreatment groups (B and Cgroup) at random with3sows in each group, all sows offeredthe same basal diets and the initial average body weight of suckling piglets among three groups had no significant difference. Piglets from A, B and C group were offered dietsupplemented with exogenous spermine at a level of0,12and15mg/kg, respectivelyfrom day7to day35, all piglets were weaned at day21, two piglets with the averagebody weight from each group were slaughted at day28. Data indicated that: performace,concentration of spermine in the blood, activity of sucrase in duodenum and ileum,activity of maltase in jejunum, villus length and crypt depth increased and activity oflactase in duodenum and jejunum decreased when offered piglets a diet with exogenousspermine. Piglets in group B had a better performance, higher lactase activity ofduodenum, FGF2protein expression and villus length than piglets in group C. Theresults showed that optimal performance of piglets was achieved when offered piglets adiet with exogenous spermine at a level of12mg/kg.