The Infulence Of Different Intercropping Patterns On The Growing Environment And Photosynthesis Of Camellia Oleifera In Southwest Of Zhejiang Province

Camellia oleifera is a small evergreen tree which belongs to Camellia L. in Theaceae. It is an important oil woody species in China. But it takes a long time from Camellia planting to full bearing period. During this period, through reasonable intercropping, can not only promote the growth of camellia and improve the nutrient status of the soil, while increasing farmers’ income, which reaches multiple purposes. This paper researches the effect of microclimate, photosynthetic effect, the effect of soil nutrients in the patterns of Camellia-Medicine intercropping and of Camellia-Rice intercropping, aimed at seeking scientific Camellia agro-forestry modles and providing theoretical basis for Camellia-Agriculture intercropping, the main research results were as follows:(1) The microclimate effect results showed that the various meteorological factors in Camellia Forest have occurred with varying degrees of change after intercropping. In the respect of Light intensity, the daily light intensity has reduced600Lx in the pattern of intercropping Peucedanum than that in the pattern of Camellia monoculture. And it has reduced1750Lx in the pattern of intercropping upland rice; In the respect of temperatures, the daily temperature has reduced0.47℃in the pattern of intercropping peucedanum than that in the pattern of camellia monoculture. And it has reduced1.22℃in the pattern of intercropping upland rice; In the respect of relative humidity, the daily relative humidity in the pattern of intercropping peucedanum was1.79%higher than that in the pattern of Camellia monoculture. And it was5.40%higher in the pattern of intercropping upland rice; In the respect of soil temperature, the average soil temperature relative in the pattern of intercropping peucedanum was24.5℃and1.3℃lower than that in the pattern of Camellia monoculture. In the pattern of intercropping upland rice it was23.6℃and2.2℃lower.(2) The photosynthetic effect results showed that intercropping can effectively improve the photosynthetic indexes of Camellia. Compare to Camellia monoculture, the net photosynthetic rate has increased by0.50μmol·m-2·-s-1and0.93μmol·m-2·-s-1in the pattern of intercropping peucedanum and in the pattern of intercropping upland rice respectively. The daily transpriation rate has increased by0.33mmol·m-2·-s-1and0.63mmol·m-2·-s-1. The daily stomatal conductance has increased by0.01mmol·m-2·-s-1and0.02mmol·m-2·-s-1. The daily intercellular CO2concentration has increased by2.60μmol·mol-1and18.21μmol·mol-1.The analysis results of light response curve show that under conditions of high light radiation, the net photosynthetic rate in two kinds of Camellia intercropping pattern was significantly higher than that in Camellia monoculture.which described that intercropping upland rice or peucedanum can enhance the ability to absorb light energy; After the non-rectangular hyperbola fitting, the order of the maximum net photosynthetic rate were like:intercropping rice> intercropping peucedanum> Camellia monoculture, which indicatied that under high light conditions the photosynthetic capacity is the maximum in the pattern of intercropping upland rice, including the maximum light saturation point and the minimum light compensation point. The order of adaptation scope of light in three patterns is like:intercropping upland rice> intercropping peucedanum> Camellia monoculture.(3) The soil nutrients effect results showed that intercropping effectively improved the nutrient status of0-60cm soil layer. Compared with the Camellia monoculture, intercropping peucedanum and intercropping upland rice:In the0-20cm soil layer the organic matter content has increased by1.54g/kg and4.55g/kg, the hydrolyzed nitrogen content has increased by3.49mg/kg and54.27mg/kg, the quick-acting potassium content has increased by23.05mg/kg and24.74mg/kg, the phosphorus content were increased by19.37mg/kg and21.68mg/kg; In the20-40cm soil layer the organic matter content has increased by1.13g/kg and3.94g/kg, the hydrolyzed nitrogen content has increased by8.18mg/kg and31.71mg/kg, the quick-acting potassium content has increased by8.85mg/kg and20.12mg/kg, the phosphorus content were increased by9.63mg/kg and8.83mg/kg; In the40-60cm soil layer the organic matter content has increased by0.45g/kg and2.66g/kg, the hydrolyzed nitrogen content has increased by10.35mg/kg and27.87mg/kg, the quick-acting potassium content has increased by0.88mg/kg and11.5mg/kg, the phosphorus content were increased by0.36mg/kg and2.52mg/kg.(4) The economic benefits results showed that intercropping can bring certain economic benefits on the basis of the full use of land resources. After intercropping upland forest or peucedanum, increase revenue can increase by2,113yuan and2,404yuan per acre woodland, which ensures that more money is put into Camellia production to increase the transformation, invests of Camellia and to reach the goal of "raise length with short ".