| With the improvement of people’s living standard, people pay more and more attention to the food’s nutrition value. Due to the rapid development of potato industry in recent years, potato food occupies an important position in people’s lives, therefore, improvement of the nutritional value of potato, and development of potato cultivar of high and stable yield suitable for processing has the profound social significance and economic value. In common tetraploid potato, genetic basis is narrow and inbreeding phenomenon is serious. Diploid potato germplasm resource is very rich in genetic variation, and mining the valuable genes in diploid potatoes will play an important role in potato breeding. This experiment studied32diploid potato hybrid (Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum) clones, using two tetraploid cultivars,’Atlantic’(chipper) and’Kexin13’(table) as controls, for their variation, correlation, and broad sense heritability of agronomic traits, processing quality traits and mineral elements for two years. The main results are as follows.1. There were highly significant significance in tuber yield per plant, tuber number per plant, chipping score, dry matter content, reducing sugar content and total potassium content, total magnesium content, total calcium content, total zinc content, and total iron content, suggesting that there be rich variation in these diploids.2. Tube yield per plant was highly significantly positively correlated to tuber number per plant, but highly significantly negatively correlated to total magnesium. Chipping score was highly significantly negatively correlated to reducing sugar. Reducing sugar content was significantly positively correlated total calcium content. Dry matter content was significantly negatively correlated to total potassium content, and total potassium content significantly negatively correlated to total magnesium content.3. For partial correlation, tube yield per plant was significantly positively correlated to tube number per plant, but significantly negatively correlated to total magnesium content. And chipping score was highly significantly negatively correlated to reducing sugar content. 4. For Broad sense heritability, the yield per plant was0.6031, the tuber number per plant was0.6567, chipping score was0.7488, reducing sugar content was0.7113, dry matter content was0.6846, total potassium content was0.7288, total magnesium content was0.7700, total calcium content was0.8453, total zinc content was0.6236, and total iron content was0.8068. The broad sense heritability for these traits are all above the medium level, indicating that these traits are mainly controlled by genetic factors.5. Three groups were established by cluster analysis. Group I, including all diploid clones, was characterized by high tuber set, high dry matter content, high calcium content, high zinc content and high iron content. Group II, including one tetraploid cultivar’Atlantic’was characterized by high chipping score, low reducing sugar content, and high potassium content. And group Ⅲ, also including one tetraploid cultivar’Kexin13’, was characterized by high tuber yield, and high magnesium content. In Group I, a lot of superior clones could be identified, and it is a valuable genetic source for breeding efforts.6. Diploid clones with superior traits were identified, e.g. clones of high yielding but low tuber set (N12-2308, N12-2331and N12-2334), high dry matter content (N12-2341, N12-2279and N12-2338), low reducing sugar content but high chipping score (N12-2288, N12-2350, N12-2311and N12-2294), high potassium content (N12-2254, N12-2288and N12-2294), high magnesium content(N12-2350, N12-2352, N12-2324and N12-2293), high calcium content(N12-2317, N12-2352, N12-2338......), high zinc content(N12-2317, N12-2352, N12-2338......), high iron content (N12-2245, N12-2254, N12-2248......), and both iron and zinc high content (N12-2331, N12-2260and N12-2293). In addition, some clones had unique traits, which could be used as parental materials for specialty cultivar development.In general, from these diploids clones could be identified with high yield potential, suitable for processing, rich in mineral elements, and used for specialty cultivar development as well. |
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