Preliminary Study On Different Irrigation And Top Dressing Amount On Yield And Fruit Quality Of Cucumber

According to the current situation that irrigation and top dressing amount are extensive during the process of cucumber production in Yangzhou in autumn. In the experiment, we took cucumber variety’ChunQiuDaFeng’ as material. Based on studying the amount of irrigation and fertilizer cucumber needed and the experience of irrigation and fertilization in cucumber production, the local soil and weather situation, the paper had two one-factor erperiments about the effects of different irrigation and top dressing amount on yield and fruit quality of cucumber, in order to explore accurate reference index for local cucumber production. Five treatments in the irrigation experiment were respectively50%,75%,100%,125%and150%of reference irrigation amount. Five treatments in the top dressing experiment were respectively one gram, three gram, five gram, seven gram and nine gram of each plant. The study made the following main results.With the increase of irrigation water, the plant height, the number of leaves, stem diameter, the length and width of leaves of cucumber showed an increasing trend. The treatment S150was the best. The treatment S100performed well in chlorophyll content and fruit growth speed. With the increase of irrigation water, the average single fruit weight and yield of single plant, the fruit numbers of single plant, the fruit width, the fruit length would increase, then the five indicators above would decrease. The treatment S100performed the best of the five irrigation treatments. Therefore, the indicator of yield of the treatment S100was the best. With the increase of irrigation water, the soluble solid, soluble sugar, organic acid vitamin c content, soluble protein content of cucumber would decrease, while the fruit water content would increase. Consider all the quality indicators, the fruit quality of the treatment S50was the best, the fruit water content of the treatment S50was lowest. With the increase of irrigation water, the soil moisture content during the flowering period, the harvest period and the whole period would increase within the same depth of soil. Different irrigation amount had a large impact on the soil moisture content of the surface layer, the shallow soil layer, the middle layer (0-35cm),the results was the amount of increase and the range of the addition both became large. Different irrigation amount had a little impact on the soil moisture content of the deep soil layer(35-65cm), the results was the amount of increase and the range of the addition both became small. In conclusion, the yield of the treatment S100 was the highest and the fruit quality of the treatment S50was the best. Therefore, the reference index of the irrigation amount for the high yield of cucumber in autumn in the plastic greenhouse in local place was the treatment S100, the amount is106.7m3/667m2.The reference index of the irrigation amount for good quality of cucumber was the treatment S50.The amount is53.36m3/667m2.With the increase of top dressing amount, the plant height and the number of leaves would increase, the treatment ZF9performed the best. While the stem diameter, chlorophyll content, the speed of the fruit of cucumber showed an increasing trend, then decrease with the increase of top dressing amount, the treatment ZF7was the best. The treatment ZF5performed well in the speed of leaf. With the increase of top dressing amount, the yield of single plant and the fruit numbers of single plant would increase, then the two indicators above would decrease, the treatment ZF7performed the best. Except the treatment ZF7, the average single fruit weight and the fruit length would decrease with the increase of top dressing amount. Top dressing had no significant effect on the fruit width. With the increase of top dressing amount, the soluble solid, soluble sugar, organic acid, soluble protein content of cucumber would increase, then the four indicators above would decrease, the treatment ZF7was the best. While the vitamin c content and the nitrate content would increase with the increase of top dressing amount, the treatment ZF9was the highest. The above results showed, the yield and the fruit quality of the treatment ZF7was the best. Therefore, it can be used as the reference index of the top dressing amount of cucumber in autumn in the plastic greenhouse in local place. When the local farmers use the compound fertilizer which is produced by one Russian company named "ACRON"(Total nutrient≥48%, N:P:K=16:16:16), the scientific top dressing amount is59.85kg/667m2for the cucumber which are planted in the plastic greenhouse in autumn.