Study On Physiological Ecology And Cuttings Of Four Blueberry Varieties

The blueberry is becoming one of the most developmental potential of the fruit in the21st century for its fruit abundant in antioxidants such as vitamins, minerals and anthocyanin and the prevention of high blood pressure, relieving visual fatigue and other health care function. But the blind introduction and cultivation in some place has resulted in large-scale failed landed and massive economic losses currently. Based on the materials of tifblue、bluecrop、cooper and blomidon, this paper studied the adaptability of blueberries introduction and cultivation in Changsha and cutting propagation technology, provided technical support for its cultivation and promotion in Hunan even in south China.The results were as follows:1.Resullt of blueberries introduction showed that:the length and roughness of blomidon new branches was significantly less than tifblue,bluecrop and cooper, but the amount of new branches more than the latter (P<0.05).The new branches of tifblue was the longest and stout, bluecrop and cooper followed, blomidon was the shortest and slender; Leaf length, leaf width and single leaf weight of tifblue bluecrop、cooper and blomidon reduced in turn.2. Resullt of photosynthetic characteristics showed that:the Pn diurnal variation of tifblue presented a one-peak distribution and bluecrop、cooper、tifblue took on double-peak curve with remarkable midday depression which was mainly due to non-stomatal limitation. The LCP of bluecrop、cooper and tifblue were all less than20μmol·m-2s-1and the LSP of cooper,tifblue were low, which showed light photo inhibition and protected themselves well under high light.3. Resullt of photosynthetic characteristics show that:the Pn diurnal variation of tifblue presented a one-peak distribution and bluecrop、cooper、tifblue took on double-peak curve with remarkable midday depression which was mainly due to non-stomatal limitation. The LCP of bluecrop、cooper and tifblue were all less than20μmol·m-2·s-1and the LSP of cooper,tifblue were low, which showed light photo inhibition and protected themselves well under high light.4. Resullt of chlorophyll florescence parameters show that:The Fo, Fm, and qP of tifblue were significantly (P<0.05) higher than cooper、bluecropr and blomidon; The Fv/Fm and qN had no significant difference amomg them, and the Fv/Fm diurnal variation tendencies of them were all showed a V-shaped curve trend. The ETR and yield of tifblue, cooper bluecrop and blomidon reduced in turn.4. High temperature of43℃/38℃(day/night) stress experiments showed that: Tifblue had the strongest high temperature resistant, followed by Cooper, bluecrop was the worst. With the temperature stress time increased, Pn、Gs and Tr characteristics of all of the three varieties of blueberry reduced. Blueberries recovered in normal temperature after3d,the Pn、Gs and Tr of Tifblue and Cooper picked up, bluecrop had been falling. With the temperature stress time increased, the Ci of Tifblue、Cooper and bluecrop appeared increasing trend after the first lower, and the time of minimum value of Tifblue、Cooper and bluecrop prolonged in turn. With the temperature stress time increased, FO.Fm and Fv/Fm characteristics of tifblue showed little change, but FO increased and Fm、Fv/Fm reduced for Cooper and bluecrop. The yield、qP、qN features of tifblue、Cooper and bluecrop rose then declined after a short period of decline, and the time of declined of bluecrop、Cooper and Tifblue prolonged in turn.5. Result of cutting technology of Tifblue and cooper with orthogonal experiment method,the result showed that:tifblue was easier than coopper;yellow subsoil was the most appropriate substrate for both tifblue and coopper. NAA was suitable for tifblue but IBA for cropper. The appropriate concentration of growth regulators was300mg/L and too high or too low was not conducive to the cuttings rooting of blueberry. The treatment time of growth regulators had little influence on their rooting capacity, however, within30min was proper.The appropriate cutting conditions of tifblue was that:Treated cuttings with300mg/L NAA in30s, planted in June20th with yellow subsoil as substrates, the average root number was2.56, the average root length was6.17cm,survival rate of cuttings was97%, the rooting rate was87%, rooting quality was2.62; The appropriate cutting conditions of cooper was that:Treated cuttings with300mg/L IBA in30min, planted in June20th with yellow subsoil as substrates, the average root number was1.47, the average root length was5.36cm,survival rate of cuttings was83%, the rooting rate was67%, rooting quality was2.04in120d.