| A series of environmental problems caused by coal mining, such as surfacedeformation, cracking and underground water level decline, was happened withcropland productivity evidently descending, retention performance of water andfertility decreasing and intensified soil erosion. Therefore, it was of great significancefor ecological restoration and improving the soil quality of mining area to study thesoil degradation mechanism and develop the technology of water conservation.Soil physic-chemical properties and its vertical distribution on the croplandspecial units and super absorbent polymer effect on it was discussed, based on thecropland disturbed soil in Daliuta mine of ShenDong mining area. The relevantresearch results were found as follow:(1) That’s found that’s silty loam soil and bulk density is about1.4g/cm3. Thatsoil moisture ratio of the research area is barrenly among10%, is one of the mainreasons which result in decreasing crop output of the cropland. Firstly, the spatialheterogeneity of soil nutrients is significantly seen, thus TN and TK level separatelybelongs to Ⅲ and Ⅳ grade, TP, AN, AP and SOM uniformly to Ⅴ grade, AK to Ⅵ.That makes a point of low fertility level of soil nutrients respectively.(2) It’s very significant to find the effects through, all including and slopecropland. Firstly, the soil nutrients, except for AP and SOM, were lost easily on thelayer0~20cm of ground fissure profile; TN, TP, AN and AP of cropland profile soil on0~40cm layer easily leached down with water erosion; Secondly, whether on groundfissure profile or slope cropland profile, TK and AK of the soil were leached out.(3) It’s proved out that water-absorption capacity of super absorbent polymerselected is closely related to the properties of the solution restrainably, and the superabsorbent polymer called Wote, flour and particle size under0.5mm, different fromother four reached the largest water-absorption capacity and kept stable absorbence;The target one has been selected out for demonstrational field improvement andapplication through establishing the evaluation model of super absorbent polymer byAnalytic Hierarchy Process based on the performance.(4) The super absorbent polymer called Wote treatment on the research soilimproved the soil condition of water, fertilizer nutrient, gas exchange. The distributionof relevant soil nutrients is more stable than that before, and that had more significanteffect than that on organic fertilizer solely. (5) It’s applied for the cropland soil of the research mine by choosing these7soilfertility indexes contains B.D, TN, AN, TP, AP, TK and SOM. The integrated fertilityvalue reached preliminarily and lowly about0.387and mostly ranged from0.2to0.45by means of Integrated Index. And the soil integrated fertility index reached the rangefrom0.45to0.6by the super absorbent polymer called Wote. |
PDF Full Text Request