| Pleurotus ostreatus looks hypertrophy, tastes delicious, high adaptability and widedistribution. It is the first production of edible mushroom in China.The variety of production isserious variation and degradation. Because of not standardized in cultivation and management,so the yield and quality is not stable. Therefore, new varieties are needed constantly.Thisexperiment screened potential for development of superior strains by germplasm resourcesevaluation of Pleurotus ostreatus.Use the method of single hybrid breeding，breeding the hybridstrains that has hybrid vigor.The results are as follows:1Germplasm resources evaluationComparative physiological characteristics of6wild strains and27cultivated strains ofPleurotus ostreatus, there is not antagonistic reaction between P1and P4，P3and P37，P9andP15，P13and P14，P18and P35，P26and P27and P28.The other combination is antagonistic.There is35bands of different mobility by esterase isozyme electrophoresis, according to theNTSYS-PC cluster analysis,26tested strains can be divided into14categories in the similarlevel of0.778.According to the results of test temperature, Pleurotus ostreatus can grow in the range of5~35℃, and the optimum temperature is25℃. All the strain of the mycelia grew fastest andstrong in this temperature. the P11fastest growth, significantly higher than other strains. P35growth rate significantly higher than other strains in5℃, P41is the second.They are lowtemperature resistant cultivar.P8growth rate significantly higher than other strains in35℃, it ishigh temperature resistant cultivars.The results of growth period, commercial character and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus underthe same conditions.Biological efficiency of the tested strains is58.2-84.0%, growth period is30~53d, large differences. Among them, the highest yield strain P11biological efficiency was84.0%, significantly higher than other strains. Its fruiting is light gray and need a little longertime to mature. P41is the second of yield and is medium-late cultivar, its fruiting is dark grayand has high anti microbial capability.The growth rate of strain P22cultivated mycelium isfastest, and the growth period is short, but the yield is not very high. The fruit body of P8iswhite and the pileus is wave-shaped and commodity traits is good.The yield of P35is better andit has high stress resistance. The fruiting is blue black and lotus leaf-shaped.According to the above test results, comprehensive evaluation of Pleurotus ostreatus, screened five genetic distance and highly complementary strains for Hybridize breeding andSystem breeding，they are P8、P11、P22、P35and P41.2Seleetion breedingObtained the excellent traits strain P11by germplasm evaluation, screening and rescreening.Tentatively named ‘Jinong4’,it belongs to medium cultivar, The fruit body is large，densegrowth. The pileus is fan shaped and hoary. To the "XuGu Pleurotus ostreatus " as controlvarieties for regional test and production test, each test point than the control yield, yield andyield stability is good, and strong resistance to various germs.3Breeding of new hybrid strainThrough the17hybrid strains of the mycelial growth rate, the growth period, the traits ofcommodity and yield, selected two excellent hybrid strains LP40and LP48.LP40is growsstrongly fast and pocketful time is20d. From inoculation to mature fruiting bodies need30d.It isa early mature cultivar. The biological efficiency of LP40is82.0%.LP48belongs to mediumcultivar, the growth period is43d. The biological efficiency of high stain LP48is83.4%. Theirhypha body is white and grows strongly fast They all have good commercial character and highstress resistance and highly development value.4Hybrid strains authenticity of identification proceduresThis study proposes a scientific hybrid strain authenticity of identification procedures.Cytology (ordinary optical microscope examination'double fluorescent staining)'physiological characterization(antagonism test)'biochemical characterization(determination ofesterase isozymes). |
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