| At present, the respiratory disease is one of the the most serious problems, which influenced the development of culture industry. Coughing, wheezing, difficulty in breathing are the main clinical features of respiratory diseases. Which caused livestock and poultry decline in body resistance, secondaryed to other infectious diseases, also caused the production of performance degradation, leaded to increased farming costs, reduced economic efficiency. For the treatment of the disease, chemical drugs that antibiotics and sulfa drugs often were used, but long-term use of chemical drugs, pathogens can produce drug resistance and drug toxicity, resulted in high drug residues in meat, eggs, affected people’health.The role of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of respiratory diseases has become more and more attention, because of wide range of sources, lower side effects and cost, both the dual role of drugs and nutrition of the animal body.In recent years, as China has vigorously advocate and promote the modernization of Chinese medicine, it is one of the important content that process of traditional Chinese medicine preparation,which based on traditional Chinese medicine powder, soup, balls formulations and in accordance with the principle of western medicine.To this end, the classic prescription Qingfei scattered from the People’s Republic of China Veterinary Pharmacopoeia (2005version2) was chosen to prepare the corresponding granules.At the same time, some preliminary studies of drug effects and safety aspects should be proceed. This article is divided into Four parts:Part1:Study on extraction and process of qingfei pingchuan granules.The orthogonal design was used to optimize the extraction technology with factors influencing the content and the yield of Peimine, glycyrrhizic acid as index. The result showed that the best alcohol extraction conditions:12times the amount of80%ethanol concentration, extracting2times, each time1.5h; the best conditions for water extraction were10times the amount of water each1.5h, extracted3times. Extract was concentrated to a thick paste. According to the color of particles, the traits, the degree of difficulty of the granulation and the fine amount as index to optimize the ratio of required excipients, concentration and the amount of adhesives.The result showed the optimum preparation conditions were as follows:the ratio of extract and soluble starch, lactose proportion is1:1.5:0.5, the alcohol concentration of75%, the amount of powder and the amount of alcohol is10:1.Part II:The quality detection of qingfei pingchuan granules.Arginine, the herb of Radix Platycodi and quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucose-7-O-beta-D-gentian dual-glucoside as reference substance should were used to identify the Radix Isatidis, Radix Platycodi and Semen Lepidii Apetali by using TLC.The result showed that granules contain these ingredients. Peimine in Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii was measured by HPLC-ELSD and glycyrrhizic acid in Radix Glycyrrhizae was measured by HPLC. The result to accord with the basic requirements of Veterinary Pharmacopoeia granules, inspected the appearance,granularity, moisture content, solubility of granules.Part III:Pharmacological tests of qingfei pingchuan granules.Divide Kunming mice into a control group, the powder group (12g/kg), and low-dose group (7.5g/kg), high-dose group (30g/kg) of granules,0.6ml/20g (body weight) administered orally for5d, control group was given saline, to inspect the effect of cough and expectorant experiment. The results showed that mice by the ammonia-induced cough, powder group and granules group could prolong the mice cough latency and reduced cough frequency, but the antitussive effect of the granules group more excellent than powder group, and the high dose group than the low dose group. Expectorant experiment, the powder group and granule group can increase the phenol red excretion, but expectorant granule group is better than the powder group, the high dose group than the low dose group.Antiasthma to guinea pigs and the tension of tracheal smooth muscle were used examine the anti-asthmatic effect of the drug. Divide guinea pigs,which were sensitive to acetylcholine and histamine phosphate, into the powder group (0.23g/220g), the low-dose group (0.56g/220g), the high-dose group (2.24g/220g) of granules, the control group given normal saline, administered orally for5d. The result showed that the powder group and granules could prolong the latent period of asthma in guinea pigs, and the granules better than the powder group, the high dose group than the low dose group.Take the guinea pig trachea and made of spiral strips, to observe the impact of drugs on the basis of tension of tracheal smooth muscle relaxation and contraction caused by acetylcholine and histamine phosphate trachea. The result showed that the powder group and granules had no significant effect on the basis of tension of tracheal smooth muscle, but play a role diastolic on smooth muscle. Contraction caused by acetylcholine and histamine phosphate, with a certain degree of spasm..Part IV:The safety studies of qingfei pingchuan granules.Acute toxicity test of qingfei pingchuan granules was observed, administered the median lethal dose and the maximum administered dose to mice.The result showed that the mice didn’t appear to death after administration, therefore couldn’t be measured granules LD50, and obtained the maximum granules administered dose of52g/kg, suggested that the granules is safer. |
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