| Heterosis can significantly increase yield and quality of the crop. With hybrid applications of corn, sorghum, rice and other crops, the research of cytoplasmic male sterile line of soybean has made some progress. However, cytoplasmic male sterility and the research of the restoration of genetic mapping are to be further deepened. In this study, This study analyzed the differences between the parents and the F1 generation of yield traits and heterosis advantage of the performance based on forecasting. And this study predicted the heterosis of 12 cross. Using two male sterile line of ZD type Fu CMS5A and W931A and the corresponding restorer line Fu Hui6 and WR016, we assembled F2 and F2:3, to make sure the ZD type’s genetic. Fu CMS5A and restorer lines Fu Hui6 assembled F2. We using selective genotype positioning method and SSR molecular markers seek marker chains of the restoration gene. The genetic researches of CMS has important means for combination of hybrid soybean breeding and hybrids preparation. The main results are as follows:1. The yield influence of F1 hybrids by differences among the parental soybeanIn the study, there are different traits and heterosis in 36 parents and we found that pod number and yield of ultra-pro-advantage are significantly higher than grain weight, plant height and other traits; Yield advantage of soybean pod mainly comes from the increase in number and grains of per plant; If the differences of pod number, yield and kernel weight among parents is small, the offspring heterosis is high. Ddomestic and high combinations of foreign species heterosis is greater than Huanghuai and other regional varieties. They all are greater than Huanghuai and Huanghuai species. Genetic distance and yield per plant is a positive correlation.2. The relationship between pollen abortion rate and pod numberPollen abortion rate and pod number per plant was significantly negatively correlated. Correlation coefficients were -0.472,-0.468,-0.453,-0.261; When the rate of pollen abortion is between 0% and 50%, the number of pods per plant has not a big change. When the pollen abortion rate is above 60% to 80%, the corresponding number of plants in the pod are significantly decreased. 3. Genetic analysis of ZD-type Cytoplasmic Male SterilityBy the study of the fertility pollen, we found that pollen abortion rate of 0 to 90% are the fertile plants,90.1 to 100% are sterile plants. With the survey to the five groups and the chi-square test,we find that the fertile plants and sterile plants meet the 15:1 ratio.Then we make sure that ZD type cytoplasmic male restoring genes belongs to the superimposed,and by 2 dominant genes control, showing sporophyte infertility.4. Research of the ZD type Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Gene MappingIn this study, we using F2 of male sterile line CMS5A and restorer line Fu Hui6, the mapping population is 80 extremely fertile plants typical and 80 semi-sterile plants to locate the restoration gene. Using the parents and gene pool screen markers, we find that two specific markers on linkage group C1 satt524 and J linkage group sat350 access to the restore gene. Amplification the 80 unidirectional extreme fertility individuals, we find that makers sat350 and Sctt011 to the Rf genes genetic distance were 11.6cM and 2.5cM. To find more close molecular markers,we synthesis the latest release of sctt011 in soybase potential near the SSR primers. Polymorphic markers were amplified by selective genotype groups. Eventually, The restore gene is located on linkage group MLG J, between the two markers satt547 and 16-1040. The genetic distance to Rf is 6.5cM and 12.3cM respectively. |
