A Comparative Analysis Of Marx And Ricardo’s Theory Of Income Distribution

Income distribution has always been an important issue for economists,economists based on their own economic interests and class interests, and based on the the former economists, formed its own theory of income distribution. This paper systematically introduces the historical evolution of the income distribution theory:The income distribution theory of classical political economics、vulgar bourgeois political economics 、 Marx and the modern western,reveals the Marx’s theory of income distribution is established on the basis of criticizing and inheriting the theory of the income distribution theory of the classical political economist, especially Ricardo.And from four aspects of the times background, theoretical basis, main content and research methods,the paper describes the income distribution theory of the two.This article mainly uses the literature research, analysis of induction, comparison analysis method, Marx and Ricardo ’s theory of income distribution is discussed, by comparing the two income distribution theory, analyzes the relation and distinction between the income distribution theory, points out the advantages and limitations of the Ricardo ’s theory of income distribution, and Marx’s theory of income distribution is more reasonable and scientific. Proposed the relative wage in Ricardo ’s theory of income distribution has the significant reasonable and progress, and thus reveals the oppose of the three class in capitalist society, but it shows itself disadvantage in workers’ real wages reason,but the limitation of the reason that the decrease of reality wage for workmen is due to the growth of population; At the same time, Ricardo made clear that the rent(differential rent) is the result of the price, not the reason, this is his important contribution to the theory of land rent.However he confuses the natural value and and price, so only acknowledge the existence of the differential rent and denies theexistence of absolute land rent, that makes his theory of land rent in troubled, which makes his theory of income distribution in defects. And Marx’s theory of income distribution publicly revealed: In the form of ambiguity exists in classical political economics profit income categories such as there is a deduction of labor products, with the nature of the remaining possession,namely the surplus value, at the same time overcome the shortcomings in the Ricardo ’s theory of income distribution,achieve the logical correspondence of the allocation decision mechanism and the value decision mechanism, reveals the distribution process of exploitation and the resulting conflict of class interest. The scientific of the Marx’s theory of income distribution is more than the Ricardo ’s theory of income distribution by analysis:(1) explained the nature of distribution of the capitalism, the capitalist possession of laborer to create surplus value;(2)with contact development point of view discussed the development trend of the income distribution;(3)The general law of the development of distribution is proposed, which has a relatively complete theoretical system.Based on the background of the current economic system reform in our country,the income distribution theory of Marx’s in contemporary China’s economic and social development in the process then explores its theoretical significance and practical value, and in view of the current reform of income distribution in our country,analyzing the problems and causes of the targeted Suggestions:(1) Adhere to the principle of people-oriented;(2) Optimize ownership structure;(3) To raise the proportion of labor remuneration in national income;(4)Sort out the income distribution relations and standardize the order of income distribution;(5) Strengthen the role of government in the redistribution.