| Since joining the WTO, the total trade of agricultural products continued to grow. With the continuous expansion of business scale, in 2004 the first time in China’s agricultural trade deficit, and the deficit was gradually rising trend. As the representative of the developing countries, regardless of the number of agricultural products, types, or quality, reputation in the international market, such as long occupied comparative advantage. However, the problems continued to the present deficit and farm products in the international market have people to ponder, comparative advantage of China’s agricultural trade lost it? Scholars since the 1990s, madethe difference for a country’s institutional product trade patterns, trade and comparative advantage affect profits for the study of comparative advantage in trade of agricultural products provides a new perspective. But how institutional differences affect agricultural comparative advantage? How its impact? How to improve the comparative advantage of agricultural products from the system level? This series of questions needs to answer.Taking the contract system analyzes the impact of transaction costs as the main line of the source system constitute a comparative advantage, summed institutional differences on agricultural comparative advantage of the formation mechanism: Firstly, the impact of transaction costs thereby affecting the system "Full Cost" comparative advantage; Secondly, institutional impact technology selection and factor inputs manner; Thirdly, the system affect the division of labor and productivity; Finally, the system affect the agricultural production process, environmental costs and intergenerational costs. As can be seen from the four-level, system has a profound impact on the formation of agricultural comparative advantage, and elements of labor, land, capital, technology, etc. The difference is that the system can not only directly affect the comparative advantages of size, but also through other media on comparative advantage impact.Empirical analysis found that significantly affect institutional differences on agricultural comparative advantage in the world has been verified. But separate study developed and developing countries, found significant differences in the impact on the comparative advantages of the system exists only in the developing countries, developed countries is not obvious. For china, this conclusion could become China’s agricultural trade issues to resolve important starting point. Article according to background notes, theoretical explanations, analysis, empirical inquiry context were, Part 5 is to solve the current trade of agricultural products provided from the system level a number of proposals, with a view to enhance the comparative advantages of agricultural trade and promote the agricultural markets have program development. |
