| The urban mass transit is favored because of its advantages of convenience, health, safety, environmental protection. Metro as the important symbol of modern city is constructed like a raging fire in the major city of the world. Especially in China, where have a large population. With the accelerated pace of urbanization, a large number of rural population moved to the city. It led to further pressure on urban traffic. Environmental protection and travel efficiency problems have become a major obstacle of impacting the urban development and economic progress. However, the subway can effectively alleviate the pressure of urban traffic to a certain extent. By the end of 2014, a total of 22 cities of China opened the urban rail transit line to a total length of 3173 km. Among them, subway 2361 kilometers, accounted for 74.4%; light rail 239 kilometers, accounted for 7.5%; monorail 89 kilometers, accounted for 2.8%; modern tram 141 km, accounting for 4.4%; maglev transportation 30 km, accounted for 0.9%; city domain fast track 308 km, accounted for 9.7%; APM 4 km, accounting for 0.1%. According to incomplete statistics, since 2012 during the next three years, the global city of rail transit passenger traffic volume more than 1 billion, from 11 to 12. The new one is Shenzhen. In the 12 cities, Beijing topped the list, passenger volume is 33.87 million; Shanghai ranked second, passenger volume is 28.27 million; third, fourth and fifth followed by Seoul with 25.59 billion passengers, Moscow with 2.491 million passengers, Tokyo with 23.51 billion passengers; Guangzhou ranks sixth, passenger volume is 22.23 million, New York is 16.55 million; Mexico City is 16.09 million; Hong Kong is 16.08 million; Paris is 15.41 million; London is 12.29 million; Shenzhen passenger volume is 10.36 million, up to the twelfth.Subway station and tunnel mostly constructed in underground. They can`t open the window for some ventilation and get natural lighting like buildings on the ground. The subway environment mainly rely on artificial. Subway system is operating facilities with a huge investment and high cost. And ventilation and air conditioning system is an expensive link of subway system. According to the survey, the power consumption of the subway central control system accounted for 30%-40% in the total energy consumption of the entire subway operating. For example, Japan’s Ginza line operating mileage is 14.3km, power consumption is 745kW·h/km, while the power consumption for air conditioning equipment reached 298kW?h/km. Zhu Yingxin of Tsinghua University argues that during mechanical ventilation and air conditioning operation, its energy consumption accounted for a large proportion in the whole energy consumption in the subway, even more than the energy consumption of train traction. On the basis of ensuring the temperature and humidity of the subway and air quality, guaranteeing that request of controlling the fire and smoke of the station and tunnel, how to reduce the energy consumption of subway operation is a problem we have been concerned about.As a central city in Northwest China, Xi’an has actively participated in the construction of urban rail transit in order to meet the requirements of urban traffic. Xi’an Metro Line 2 is Xi’an’s first subway line. The thread of first phase project started construction on September 29, 2006 and opening on September 16, 2011. The southern extension started construction on April 2010 and opening on June 16, 2014. Xi’an Metro Line 2 run through the core line of axis in urban areas of North and south. Its total length is 26.8 kilometers and have 21 underground stations. The Metro Line 6 is also expected to start construction this year and will open trial operation in 2020 according to schedule. In order to meet the requirements of energy saving in subway environment control, from 2013 onwards, Xi’an University of architecture and technology combined with China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd have field measurement for Xi’an Metro Line 2, include city library station, bell tower station and Weiyi street Station. Mainly monitoring tunnel piston wind, the environment of tunnels and stations, ventilation and air conditioning equipment energy consumption. Through the analysis and research of the monitoring results, to find the energy-saving potential and improvement measures. It can provide reference and basis reference and basis for subway lines of has been built and will be built.This paper mainly aims at:(1)The characteristics of subway piston wind and ventilation volume with heat discharge of train piston wind;(2) Energy consumption and energy saving measures of large system, small system and tunnel ventilation system;(3) According to test data to calculate the ventilation and air conditioning load of the early peak and evening peak, and compared with the design load for the analysis, proposed improvement measures with simulation. |
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