Numerical Simulation Of Evacuation In Hospital Class Of High Rise Buildings

With the development of the economy and people’s living standards, people are paying more and more attention to the public safety. At public places, there are usually large crowds and small disturbance or chaos often cause serious accident such as injuries and deaths. Safety evacuation is an important approach to save lives under emergency situation and it has become one of the most important things in public safety field.Hospital, as a special kind of public places, has its own particularity and limitations with the complex function and numerous people, especially for children, the elderly and critically ill patients. In case of occurrence of fires, it not only causes huge economic losses and casualties, but is also accompanied with huge bad social impact. To conduct personnel evacuation study, therefore, and understand the fire development and the change law of flue gas, especially the personnel evacuation rules, is meaningful to strengthen the daily management of the hospital and fire prevention work and improve the efficiency of the personnel safety evacuation.To study the personnel evacuation, this article adopts the method of numerical simulation. Using FDS + EVAC simulation software and a hospital in Guangzhou for the engineering example, numerical model is set up. This article focuses on concentration variation of CO, CO2, O2 and temperature field and provides the basis for personnel evacuation.In addition, the effect of the fire occurence, the properties of structures, properties and automatic sprinkler system startup on the safety evacuation is investigated, which can provide the basis for daily management and scientific guidance for hospital personnel evacuation.Results show that One, the high temperature of smoke and the toxic gas such can greatly reduce the personnel evacuation speed, where rapid visibility reduction is an important reason. The location of the occurrence of fire will have an important influence on personnel evacuation. When fire is located on the first floor, RSET is the longest and personnel cannot conduct complete evacuation eventually; when fire is located on the other floors, evacuation and RSET are almost the same. Two, Hospital building structure can also have an effect, as stairwells are often the key factors hinder the evacuation, deficient of evacuation exits and too many evacuate people, will cause serious jam near the stairwells, this is the reason causing the evacuation personnel cannot complete evacuation within the prescribed time. Properties of personnel, especially the personnel familiarity with the export of evacuation is very important for the safety evacuation, studies have shown that if people are not familiar with the evacuation exports completely, most of the evacuation time is wasted on looking for evacuation exit, evacuation efficiency is extremely low. Three, In addition, activiation of the automatic sprinkler system plays an important role in reducing the toxic gas concentration and temperature play an important role, which is beneficial to the safety evacuation.