Study On The Evolution Of Urban Network In North Korea Base On Traffic Network

The research object of the paper is traffic network and city network in the north of Korean Peninsula (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, hereinafter referred to as "North Korea"). Based on four years topographic map data including 1910,1950, 1980 and 2015 in North Korea, the railway and highway network data and the change of city center was obtained by vectorizing the topographic map according to the classification standard by using Arc GIS and excel software. Then the traffic network database is established. The mainly reference theory of the paper is transportation theory and urban network theory, using the model of shortest path and the shortest time analysis the data. The changing trend of the road and railway network and the social and cultural conditions in the last 100 years of North Korea. The main results are as following:The network center gradually moving south is the main performance for changing of highway in the last 100 years of North Korea. From the shortest path and the shortest time analysis of highway can find out that the value of the lowest is 1910 in North Korea, and the minimum value is between about 0-0.46. There are hardly a accessible value in this range in the later three years. Thus it can be seen that the highway of 100 years ago are only able to reach the short distance transport. Although some roads were damaged during the civil war in 1950 in Korean Peninsula, after the war, the main (first-class road) and ordinary (second-class road) roads have been reconstructed. During 1950 to 2015, road network is increasingly being improved and gradually formed a multicenter network system, and coastal highway accessibility coefficient has remained in the low range. Thus it can be seen that the North Korean city is toward the development of multicenter and the cities of the coastal areas have frequently contact. Highway has played a significant role from coastal areas to inland areas for transport material, and development for multi line mode. The speed increased about 30km/h in last 100 years, that show only minimal growth. It is the performance of economic backwardness in North Korea. According to the accessibility coefficient of 2015,the paper has ranked the cities in ascending order, the top 5 of the highway accessibility coefficient cities is Pingcheng<Jiachuan<Anzhou< Pyongyang< Wen Chuan; the bottom 5 is Huishan< Duanchuan< Jince< Huining< Luoxian. It has positive reference value for road planning and urban development in the future.The network center gradually moving south is the main performance for changing of railway in the last 100 years of North Korea. It shows degressive trend from north to south. According to the analysis of the shortest path and shortest time of railway,the minimum value shows in 1910 in the north and southeast of Korea. The minimum value is between about 0-0.5.There are hardly a accessible value in this range in the later three years which means the railway and the highway can meet the short distance transport. During the period of civil war between the north and the south of Korea, a lot of railway was built, this is still used today. In the later 60 years, the using frequency of railway has risen by people traveling and goods transportation. In recent years, the using frequency of railway has decreasing in some city. The speed of railway has increased by 20 percent. The railway network and the highway net work have developed in the same model. There are more developed in coastal areas. The railways have played an important role in the transport of goods and people’s activities in the coastal areas of North Korea.According to the railway’s accessibility coefficient of 2015,the paper has ranked the cities in ascending order, the top 5 of the highway accessibility coefficient cities is Shunchuan<Pingcheng< Jiachuan< Anzhou< Pyongyang; the bottom 5 is Jince< Huishan< Qingjin< Luoxian< Huining. It has positive reference value for railway planning and urban development in the future.As stated above, the urban network of North Korea oward the development of Multi Center concentric circle shaped pattern, coastal areas in highway and railway accessibility as a whole to maintain a low level, coastal areas of the city between lines, comprehensive view North Korea Pyongyang, Sichuan price, Pingcheng, Anju in traffic development advantages that city center and Huining, rason, Huishan, Kinzer because secluded inland and urban internal reasons, traffic situation general, needs to be further improved.