Research On The "Three-dimension Based" Rainwater Collection System Of The Urban Traffic System

With the rapid urbanization in recent decades, some secondary disasters continued attack many middle and big size developing urban centers in China, these disasters include some water environmental disasters, such as the water pollution, the shortage of water supply and flooding, as well as the earth slump accidents in urban areas, due to the destruction of natural water cycling process. Because these disasters have seriously impacted the ideals and theories of water drainage design and planning to be "short, direct, and fast", engineers rethink how to improve and complete the countermeasure and synthesis for rainwater collection, management, and utilization. The urban traffic system is a crucial channel for rainwater drainage. The related engineers of Kunming City have conducted some planning and design methods along with some constructions or reconstructions of urban traffic systems in Chenggong District since 2008, trying to study and practice some rainwater collection and utilization methods. Based on the ideas of "storage before draining, and utilization before draining", these methods exercise some local investigation and synthesis analysis and utilize, as the engineers innovated a new design method from three different dimensions, to construct the urban traffic and rainwater collection system. The three dimensions include the utilization of rainwater on the road surface, the water utilization of the running water in the runoff pipes system, and the construction of environmental system. Based on the previous exercises, this research develops a new design method for rainwater collection based on urban traffic system:1) On the dimension of rainwater collection on the road surface, this research design a system which is a rainwater collection system relaying one the greenbelt of the roadside as its carrier. Six parts including the rainwater collective gates, the water storage wells, the cannels for water collection, the dam of cannels, the underground cannels and the storage pools as the ends, are designed to work together in this system. The rainwater during early period of falling, and the washing water on the road surface, could be effectively conducted to the greenbelt, through the procedures of polluted water storage at first, the purifying section through the greenbelt earth, and the section of biological and ecological treatment, the purified water is conducted to downstream pipes, so that the burden of pollution and the risk of flooding are significantly reduced.2) On the dimension of running water in the runoff pipes system, this research designs a maneuver and storage system, through which the purpose of rainwater utilization and the management of runoff water on the drainage pipes of traffic system could be achieved. Thus, the units of peak flow could be identified, the pollution could be controlled, then the rainwater could be used. This design provides some basic constructions to cope with working models of maneuver and storage in the working situations. It also designs the methods of storage measurement, the storage model choosing, and the afterward protection and adjustment of the water collection system.3) On the dimension of the construction of environmental system, this research suggests to utilize the urban planning strategy to design the ecological city and the ecological traffic system, and utilize some methods flexibly in the design of interrupted space, pervious road surface, and superterranean sidewalk. So that, more interspaces could be adopted by rainwater on the road surface, on the runoff water in the pipe systems for sufficient storage, and for ecological spaces. These utilizations also help to promote the greenbelt irrigation and water conservation through the collection of rainwater utilization on the traffic system.This research provides the design thought of "Three-dimension Based " traffic road rainwater collection system in the construction of urban center, This research designs a road surface rainwater utilization system which is adapted to the characteristics of belt-space onthe urban traffic roads.The design though of "Three-dimension Based" urban road rainwater collection system has widened and enriched the perspective and content of the urban planning; this research provides an alternative scheme for road surface rainwater collection and utilization for urban planning construction with its significant value of reference for system design; this research shows a significant guideline value for the design of rainwater storage, flood control in urban area based on its systemic design program, methods and principle in the runoff pipe system management, adjustment and storage; this research provides and advocates a strategy of systematic environmental construction, which is significant as a reference for urban traffic road design and planning.