FPGA Design And Implementation Of Portable 3D Imaging Sonar Beamforming Algorithm

With the development of China’s ocean industry, the sonar technology has gained a wider application in various fields.3D imaging sonar system can achieve real-time 3D image display of underwater targets and thus has a good application prospect. But it also has flaws such as structure complexity, high power consumption, bulk, which led to certain limitations of the system’s application field. The portable 3D sonar system can meet the diverse needs of underwater exploration, so the thesis completes the FPGA design and implementation of portable 3D imaging sonar beamforming algorithm by using the portable 3D sonar system hardware platform developed by our team.The system includes real-time processing, low-power, portable and other characteristics, and can be applied to a variety of work scenarios.In order to achieve the function of the portable 3D sonar system, the thesis analyzes the system’s FPGA functional requirements and puts forward general FPGA framework and detailed FPGA design of this system. The portable 3D sonar system’s FPGA architecture is divided into two parts:transmitting "board FPGA and receiving board FPGA. The transmitting board FPGA is responsible for receiving sonar transmit data via PCI-Express interface and achieving multi-channel transmit data synchronization output. It can also receive the receiving board FPGA’s beamforming results via LVDS interface and upload it to the embedded processor DM8127 for real-time 3D image display. The receiving board FPGA is responsible for achieving the synchronous sampling and distributed beamforming of multi-channel sonar echo signal, and uploads the beamforming results to the transmitting board FPGA.This thesis completes the FPGA design and implementation of portable 3D imaging sonar beamforming algorithm, and takes the FPGA data test and system prototype’s lake test for the portable 3D sonar system. The FPGA data test results shows that the data timing of the system’s FPGA modules is correct and each module works stably, and it can achieve real-time data stream processing of the portable 3D sonar system. The lake test results of the system prototype shows that the system can achieve a clear and stable real-time 3D image display of underwater targets, and its performance can meet the actual demand of underwater detection.