An Automatic Weather Station System With Radiation Error Correction Functionality

Measuring meteorological elements related to people’s daily life and production, automatic weather station is a meteorological elements measured set in one intelligent device. This design of automatic weather station system with radiation error correction functionality contains temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction acquisition, pressure gathering, collecting rainfall, radiation intensity acquisition, GPS timing, micro-processor control system, communication system and PC display software. The sensor selection of the weather station are equipped with relatively high precision, good stability. Microcontroller peripheral’s choice is 32-bit ARM processor STM32f103VCT6 which has more peripherals faster speed and larger capacity FLASH. The methods by designing high precision AD acquisition circuit; with the using of array type air pressure sensor to measure air pressure and Kalman filter algorithm to smooth the measured values, etc. which improves the measurement accuracy.Temperature measurement errors induced by the solar radiation can be greater than 0.8 K, which has become a bottleneck for the improvement of the precision of climate change monitoring and weather forecast. The automatic weather station of this article design AWS, which make use of a high reflectivity temperature sensor probe, radiation sensor, wind speed and direction sensor, high precision signal conditioning circuits, embedded software to realize radiation error correction. The weather station and a forced ventilation temperature sensor are utilized to build a test platform. The forced ventilation temperature sensor is used as a reference. The radiation error measured in various wind speeds and radiation intensities are utilized to fit out the radiation errors correction equation, in which Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) algorithm are implemented. The real-time radiation error correction can be achieved via this equation. Experimental results show that, in a certain range of radiation intensities and wind speeds, the radiation error is reduced to 0.021 K. Compared to conventional technologies, the temperature measurement accuracy of the weather station is considerably improved.