Analysis And Evaluation Of The Spatial Pattern Of The National Wetland Park In Hubei Province

Wetland is a kind of ecological system which contains waterland, transition zone and unique hydrology, soil, vegetation and biological characteristics, as well as a special natural landscape with the combination of water and land. Wetland is an important ecosystem in the circle of the earth, and is also a fragile ecosystem. Hubei Province is known as the reputation of the province of a thousand lakes and rich in wetland resources. Although has done a lot of work to protect and utilize the wetland, constant human activities make Hubei wetland area and wetland resources dwindling, reducing biodiversity, decline wetland function and efficiency. National Wetland Park is established with the approval of the Department in charge of National Wetland in the protection of the wetland ecological system is the core of the ecological region. It has a certain size and scope. It has the function of wetland ecosystem services, display, demonstration and so on the rational utilization of science and education and wetlands, and contains certain cultural or aesthetic value and can be used for scientific research and ecological tourism for people, is an important part of the wetland system.There are total 41 wetland parks in Hubei province as of January 2015, the number of park rank first in the country. This paper parses the overall situation of current national wetland park in Hubei province through analyzing the distribution of current national wetland park in Hubei province and from the view of geographic distribution and space remote sensing. The main conclusions are as follows:(l)From the patch size of the distribution of National Wetland Park in Hubei province. The cities including Enshi, Yichang, Jingzhou, obvious exist "unprotectedness" phenomenon, Though the concentrated distribution of National Wetland Park, we find that the space situation in Hubei presents a kind of "east and middle most, north more, and southwest least";(2) Through density analysis by the tool of Kernel Density, we find that high density areas of the National Wetland Park are mainly distributed in the east and the chain area of the northwest in Hubei province. The middle region of Hubei province is also a high Density focus area;(3) The distribution of National Wetland Park in tertiary river basins presents the aggregation. It mainly concentrated in the tertiary river basin area including under theDanjiangkou, Wuhan to the left bank of Hukou and chenglingji to the right bank of hukou of the right bank. Although the tertiary river basin area of Danjiangkou above and Qingjiang in hubei province is quite broad, the numbers of National Wetland Park are not enough much and just only 13% in total;(4) According to land area distribution density of Hubei province national wetland park can be found, the most number of national wetland park in Hubei province is Huanggang city. And the distribution density level of national wetland park in Shennongjia, Xiantao city and Huangshi city is higher than Hubei province’s average distribution density. Viewed from population density, Shennongjia area has the most national wetland parks and the other cities including Wuhan, Suizhou, Huangshi, Enshi autonomous prefecture, Xiaogan, Jingzhou and Ezhou are all not able to reach the average number of the whole Hubei province;(5) The vacancy of wetland protection is mainly concentrated in the western part of Jingzhou City. There are many lakes resources in Jingzhou, and the region with high population density, and most of the wetlands are in urgent need of protection. In the Eastern Hubei Province and northwest Hubei wetland protection and construction situation better, but in Wuhan City in the central region, Huangshi City North and Shiyan city northeast, National Wetland Park vacancy still need to get attention. In the southwest of Hubei Province, the "blank" area is larger, and the relevant departments can plan the wetland by combining the mountain river system in the region, which can protect the natural ecology and highlight the regional cultural characteristics. The rest of the city, such as:Yichang, Xiangfan, Suizhou, Jingmen, Huanggang and other parts of the vacancy phenomenon, but also to strengthen the planning and construction, so that more wetland resources to protect and use.(6) Based on the spatial analysis method, the status of the development and construction of the National Wetland Park in Hubei province was evaluated. To analyse the problems and give reasonable advices.