UF-RO Integrated Technology For Water Purification In Emergency

Safety issue of drinking water is the first priority when sudden water pollution occurs. Given the characters of sudden water pollution, emergency drinking water treatment technology is supposed to involve fast processing speed, simple operation and reliable water quality after-treatment. On the basis of the analysis of emergency water, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis combined membrane processes were applied to design a set of small-scale device aimed to treating emergency drinking water. This paper mostly studies performance of removal efficiency of different types of pollutants by the double membrane technology, in order to provide reference for the design of double membrane treatment equipment in emergency.Water quality detection of emergency water source including rivers and water pollution accident is conducted. The analysis results show the turbidity of most rivers is below 10 NTU, with parts of them varying much. CODMn ranges from 0 to 15 mg/L while the concentration of NH4-N is among 0 and 3 mg/L. The heavy metal ions exceeds the limitation several folds or even hundreds of folds. Toxic organic compounds generally exceeds below tens of folds.On the basis of the analysis of emergency water, a set of membrane-combined water treatment device in emergency was designed which applying the ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis combined membrane processes. And 4 conventional pollutants,4 heavy metal ions and 22 toxic organic indicators matter are selected to be the removed targets. Simulated experiments are conducted to study on the removing effects of several different pollutants using double-membrane treatment technology combining both ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis. The results of the analysis shows as follows.The double-membrane treatment technology was very effective in removel of turbidity, CODMn and UV254, of which the average removal efficiency were 99.59%, 91.82% and 97.10% under the experimental conditions respectively. And the average desalination rate of the technology reached to 96.01%. The producing water of the technology for the raw water which belongs to the five bad water quality conformed Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749-85) after treatment.The double-membrane treatment technology was very effective in removel of Cd2+、Pb2+、Ni2+ and Cu2+. The average removal efficiency reached to 99%,90%,96% and 96% under the experimental conditions respectively. The technology can cope with the water which exceeds the limitation several folds.The double-membrane treatment technology was very effective in removel of 8 special organic matter and 6 pesticide. The removal efficiency can reach to 97% above under the experimental conditions. The technology can cope with the water which exceeds the limitation several folds. The removal efficiency of benzene, trichloromethane, bromoform, phenol and styrene by the double-membrane treatment technology were not very good, of which the removal efficiency were 44.36%, 73.43%、86.03%、72.5% and 63.31%. The technology can cope with the water which exceeds the limitation low folds. While, with the worse removal efficiency of dichloromethane and formaldehyde, the product water of the double-membrane treatment technology were difficult to achieve the standard. It is suggested that advanced treatment of the product water be carried or use other methods to treat the raw water.According to the removal efficiency of double-membrane treatment technology the concentration limit of pollutant in emergency by the double-membrane treatment technology was put forward to provide reference for the design of double membrane treatment equipment in emergency.