| Prince Gong Mansion’s predecessor was Heshen’s Mansion, built in 41st year of Emperor Qianlong’s reign (1776). In the the first year of Emperor Xianfeng (1851), Xianfeng rewarded the mansion to prince gong Yixin, then the prosperity of the mansion would be coming. After the Qing fell, Prince Gong Mansion was occupied by multiple companies gradually, until premier Zhou paid attention to the protection and restoration of the respectful mansion. The restoration project of Prince Gong Mansion was finally completed and the mansion started opening to the outside world in 2008. Prince Gong Mansion covers an area of about 60000 square meters now, whose architectural style is different from both the royal palace and the folk house, prince mansion’s shape is unique. Houses face south, which is composed of multiple of different sizes courtyards. From north to south, the mansion was divided into 4 parts; and from east to west, it was also divided into 3 parts at the same time. The central axis runs through strictly the whole mansion. Its layout is not as complex as the Forbidden City, but ranks second only to the emperor as the residence of prince mansion. It shows the same strict feudal hierarchy and strong political and religious color. Garden’s area is about 28000 square meters, built in the 19th century. The construction was divided into three roads. Compared to the mansion, the garden has less majesty of the level characteristics and political implications, but a bit more scholars appeal and artistic conception, which also can reflect more garden master’s thought and the pursuit of life.Chinese gardening has a long history. The garden rockery, as one of the four elements in classical Chinese gardens, is landscape terrain skeleton, and divides garden space in more than natural ways. Rockery is on the basis of the known natural, to refine, summary and sublimation. The stack is not only an expression of ideal landscape garden, but also an expression of the host’s pursuit for natural life. Garden rockery masters have their unique modelling language, in that way the viewers can understand the rockery’s connotation such as its origin, conception, characteristic and craftsmanship and design and so on through its appearance.Prince Gong Mansion has large rockeries in garden, including bluestone, Taihu stone and stone-soil mountain. They are throughout south, east and west sides, forming centripetal garden. The center Dicui rockery took more costly manpower and financial resources for collecting the better taihu stones in china, moreover dotted around pool by stalagmites. In this paper, in the methods of literature research, field research, drawing the rockery, expert interview and so on, the author is on the basis of the study of Prince Gong Mansion and Chinese classical garden rockery technique, analyses garden rockery’s different location, techniques, art, function, and conceptions, and then go on doing the comparison, statistics and summary. At the same time, the author hopes that through individual in-depth study, and general investigation contrast, people will have a comprehensive and dialectical grasp and understanding for classical garden rockery technique, and hope this paper can provide the basis for research and development of contemporary rockery skills and thinking, help protect and inherit the traditional rockery techniques. |
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