Study On Ecological Approach Of Planning And Design Of Mountainous City Park

There are rich mountain resources in the southwest of China, but with the rapid development of economic construction, the unreasonable exploitation of mountain resources by people, the deterioration of mountain ecological environment and poor economic benefit leading from the exploitation results in the severe mountain soil erosion and prominent eco-environmental problems. The complex topography, special geological conditions and rich vegetation of mountainous city park make mountainous park have space of diversity, rich environmental landscape and multivariate visual landscape comparing with the ground park. However, the mountainous city park usually has high heterogeneity of eco-environment and vulnerable ecological condition. Also, the geology of it is unsteady which is prone to the ecological problems like soil erosion, soil and water loss, vegetation deterioration and landslides collapse. The unique geographical features of mountain decide that the mountainous city park could not have the layout according to the spatial distribution pattern of ground park. Besides, the traditional planning and design theory of park mainly stresses the use function and visual aesthetics which could not solve the ecological problems of mountainous city park. Although the mountainous city park and ecology has linkage in the field of theory and practice at home and abroad, the linkage between them is in the status of fragment and lack of systematic link. Therefore, it is significant to carry out the study on ecological approach of planning and design of mountainous city park and establish a systemic method of ecology framework of planning and design of mountainous city park.Based on the above background, this paper selects the Southwest typical mountain city park as the research object, through the analysis related to consult the literature material, combined with field investigation, on the basis of the traditional theory of park planning and design, integration the theory of landscape ecology, restoration ecology, vegetation ecology principles and methods which is related on mountainous city park planning and design, investigate and analysis the type and characteristics of ecological elements, features, protection and utilization of its mountainous city park with space layout; related to mountainous city park ecological problems. Through the vertical ecological process and level of ecological processes analysis to explore the spatial pattern of mountainous city park planning method of ecology, ecological sensitivity, ecological suitability analysis method, for related factors use single factor analysis and superposition analysis, balancing the landscape pattern optimized the mountainous city park, combining with the traditional park planning and design use function, visual landscape requires a comprehensive analysis and defense for the results of the analysis, and then construct a ecological methods framework for mountainous city park planning and design, further improve the system of the mountainous city park planning and design theory, for guide the transformation of mountains park which has been built and design the new construction mountains city park.Specific study includes the following three parts。Part I: The analysis method of mountain city park ecological factors.By analyzing the type and characteristics of ecological factors of the mountainous city park planning and design, analyze their interaction relationship with the mountainous city park space layout, put forward the corresponding ways of protection and utilization.① Topography is the main factor to form the structure and function of the mountain, and lead to changes in various ecological phenomena and ecological processes. This paper summarized different landform types and characteristics of mountainous city park, from an ecological point of view to explore the terrain park limitations and impact on the overall spatial layout and the rational use of different types of terrain space, summarized adapt to the terrain of the overall spatial layout mode and methods.② Vegetation is the key ecological features which affected mountainous city park landscape ecological pattern and maintain its ecosystem stability. Plants and the environment influence each other, mutual adaptation, interaction, together constitute the ecological and landscape of mountainous city park background.. This paper summarizes the mountainous city park vegetation types and characteristics, based on the use of ecological theory, put forward the original vegetation protection and use patterns; from the point of view of satisfy vegetation ecological functions and with the suitable environment, discussed how to carry out mountain city park vegetation types of space planning layout.③ River system is an important factor for a mountainous park, which plays a main role in protecting its environment and enhancing the beauty of scenery. There is little ecological research on river system of mountainous park. In this thesis, according to the distribution and features of its river system, many constructive ideas on river system planning and water source protection are brought up.Part Ⅱ: Ecological method research on mountainous park spatial design.At the beginning, basic principle and methods for mountainous park spatial design are unveiled. Afterwards, based on analysis of vertical ecological process, main factors which influence the spatial design most as well as land utilization status and its designing strategy are extracted. Taking Chongqing Hong’en Temple as typical example, with ecological analytical methods, ecological sensibility of the mountainous park is evaluated and discussed. In the meanwhile, overall planning is thoroughly explored for the sake of optimizing the landscape designing methods. At last, results of the above vertical and horizontal ecological processes are summarized and analyzed in a comprehensive way. Thus, methods of spatial planning for mountainous park design are optimized.Part Ⅲ: The establishment of ecological method framework of mountainous city park design.Based on the research on analytical method of mountainous city park ecological elements and spatial planning, combining with traditional park designing process and visual needs, ecological methods and strategy for mountainous park design is brought up, and a comprehensive framework of ecological method to mountainous park introduced, improving the traditional design theory.Finally, this paper looks for the strategy and method of ecological problems of mountainous city park from the perspective of planning and design through the exploration on both ecological theory and planning and design theory of mountainous city park. It constructs a systemic method of ecology framework of planning and design of mountainous city park, perfects and complements the planning and design theory on mountainous city park.