Research On The Fier Emergency Evacuation Model Based On Indoor Positioning

Emergencies such as fires and others can result in a large number of casualties, especially when they occur within public buildings. The staff-intensive and propertycentralized building, with its complex architectural structure further exacerbates fire evacuation difficulty under the emergency conditions, posing a great threat to the human lives and property. Thus how to effectively organize mass evacuation and fire rescue become the most important thing in the fire and other incidents. With the development of science and technology, such as the rapid development of computer hardware and software, various evacuation models have been proposed.This thesis is based on indoor positioning technology, we proposed the indoor positioning seamlessly technology to the evacuation model which is based on the demand of fire protection project. According to the key factors that affect the fire evacuation, such as the rationalization of the architectural layout and people’s familiarity with the building environment, fire combustion products, and optimal path selected and so on, we present a personnel evacuation model which can be used in a building that helps people effectively evacuate and rescue fire.Firstly, the spatial and scenarios analysis based on GIS is introduced. GIS is used to analyze the interior architecture scene, build the indoor GIS map, make people be familiar with the interior layout of the building structure as soon as possible, lower the psychological terror of fire, and generate the required indoor network model with the function of network analysis. Secondly, a mathematical model of the gas change process and temperature under fire conditions is built using the fire dynamic simulation software, the multi-dimensional simulation of indoor temperature change is analyzed as well as the harm of fire’s temperature to human body, and a critical temperature indicator which affects persons’ safe evacuation is proposed. In order to seek the suitable route network optimization algorithm, the ant colony algorithm is improved with its characteristic and the features of interior road network, while considering the interior path condition, fire combustion products and other data.Eventually, an evacuation model is built based on the improved ant colony algorithm and the positioning technology. The evacuation paths and rescue paths are gave by the model with the GIS network analysis and the ant colony algorithm. The experimental results show that the evacuation model is able to give correct road guidance under the fire condition, and the key technologies and basic functions of the model are realized.