Study On The Spatial Pattern And Efficiency Evaluation Of Changchun City Emergency Shelters

Since twentieth Century, human society and science technology had developed rapidly, which propel the society forward. Human beings abandon the backward village as more and more people are gathering in cities. China has speeded up urbanization meanwhile a large number of rural populations with a huge social property also gathered to cities. At the same time, human factors which breed social disaster(explosion, epidemics, terrorist attacks etc.) generation and natural factors of natural disasters(earthquakes, floods, debris flow etc.) have had happened constantly. As the high concentration of population and social wealth, any disasters in city are affected to great by serious emergency. Therefore, for each stage of the disaster, emergency shelter is an important place for city residents to wait for rescue. Since the size of city, the complexity and diversity of city functions, even with liberalization of city operation and development, emergency shelter must have multiple identities to meet the limited land resource needs. In conclusion, the research of location/layout and evaluation of emergency shelter has important theory significance and social value. In this paper, we take the urban area of Changchun City which located in Jilin Province as the study area. Combined with landscape ecology evaluation method, traffic network proximity degree evaluation method, and grid GIS and remote sensing image interpretation technology to identify, evaluate and optimize the existing 337 potential emergency shelters and 34 listing spaced layout, emergency refuge sites. This paper is divided into five chapters.Chapter1 introduction. It describes the research background of this thesis. Starting from the city security research, theory and practice of spatial pattern, we discuss the spatial pattern of potential emergency shelters and then give assessment. It also explains the research significance.Chapter2 Spatial pattern and evaluation theory. Analyzing and discussing from the emergency shelter planning, emergency management, emergency shelter assessment, research methods and the scale of domestic and foreign literature. What follows is summary of the characteristics and shortcomings in those researches.Chapter3 The research method, content and logic framework. On the basis of previous studies, we describe the potential emergency shelter distribution characteristics by landscape pattern index and traffic network index. We use grid GIS and the adjacent facilities to seek service area. And finally the improved Gauss two float search method help to evaluate the accessibility of existing listing emergency sheltersChapter4 Spatial pattern of emergency shelters. Results of the study have been displayed on the basis of above mentioned.Chapter5 Evaluation and optimization of emergency shelters.Chapter6 Conclusion and discussion.Through this paper, several conclusions as followed:1. We consider that the distributions of emergency shelters are uniform by calculation. At the same time, the distributions are in accordance with the distance attenuation law’2. Service area in central of city is smaller than that in remote area. The accessibility of gird present a multicenter polarization phenomenon. Emergency shelters in north and east of the city should be optimized.