Experimental Study On Nano Additive And Metal Element For Diesel Particulate Emission

With the rapid development of the technology, the automotive graduallybecomes a main means of transportation, which not only gives human greatconvenience, but also causes huge harm to the living environment. Emissions ofvehicles, especially the particulate matter discharged by diesel engine, bring in bothpollution to the environment and threat to human health. Recently the increasinghealth problem attracts more and more attention. So it is inevitable to bring in variousdiesel additives to improve the physicochemical properties of the fuel to amelioratethe emission so as to comply with the increasinglystringent emission regulation. Someadditives can change the solidifying point, flash point or the viscosity, while otherscan improve the oxidizability and the antidetonating quality.It is these additives thatplay an important role in optimizing the performance of the diesel, especially in theemission.Firstly in this paper, a new fuel additive, the nano fuel additive, has been addedto diesel and analyzed. According to the results of performance test, there is a goodimprovement of the engine performance, such as the torque, power and fuelconsumption, with the adding of the nano additive. Then the transmission electronmicroscope (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the effect of theadditive from the perspective of particle size distribution and graphitization degree. Ingeneral, the emission of nucleation mode particles has been reduced, while theaccumulationmode particles have increased and the diameters of the particlesgenerally become larger. Besides, the additive also leads to the increment of thegraphitization degree of the particles. The influence of the additive concentration isdifferent under different working condition.In order to obtain a deeper understanding of the effect of the additive on particleemission, the metal element has been chose to be analyzed. Two kinds ofnaphthenatemetal salt: copper naphthenate and zinc naphthenate, were added to diesel.The influence of the metal element was thoroughly studied from the aspect of particlesize distribution, fractal dimensions and Raman spectrum by TEM and Ramanspectroscopy. As is shown, the size distribution is changed due to the bringing in ofthe metal element, which is that the peak value of diameter becomes larger. What’s more, the fractal dimensions become less, the structure of the particle become looser,and the degree of graphitization of the particle increases. There is also a particularproportion of metal element, in which the effect of the element on the particle sizedistribution is different. Finally, different metal elements have different influence inparticulate matters.