Cold Atoms Preparation In Compact Setup Of Atom Interferometry

Atom interferometer is playing an important role in the precision measurement of fundamental physical constants and the research of fundamental science. It has got rapid development both at home and abroad. The purpose of this thesis is to realize the basic experiment platform in miniaturization of atom interferometer--atomic cooling and trapping, and to measure the number and the temperature of cold atoms, It will lay a good foundation to achieve the miniaturization of atom interferometer.In the first chapter of this thesis, Ⅰ mainly introduce the background of the cold atoms preparation and the history of atom interferometer. Firstly, Ⅰ briefly introduce the development of cold atom preparing technology and the excellent characteristics of atom interferometer in the precise measurement. Secondly, the important application and developing history of atom interferometer has been introduced.In the second chapter of the thesis, Ⅰ explained the principle in the process of cold atom preparation in detail, including principle for cooling and capturing of atom. In the atom cooling process, Ⅰ focused on the mechanism of Doppler laser cooling and briefly explained the optical pumping effect and Doppler frequency shift compensation in the process of atom cooling. In the atom capturing process, Ⅰ focused on the basic principle of magnetic optic trap atoms and introduced the basic methods of trapping atoms by magnetic optical trap.In the third chapter of the thesis, I describe the specific process of laser cooling and trapping on rubidium atoms. This chapter is mainly divided into three parts:laser system, fiber and beam expanding system and magnetic system. Firstly, Ⅰ introduce the laser system in the experiment, and describe the basic methods of the laser frequency stability, laser power amplifier and laser frequency shift. Secondly, Ⅰ presented the optical fiber and beam expanding system in detail, and introduced how to obtain laser power stability in the optical fiber system. It is the key to the experiment. Finally, I described the magnetic field system in the experiment, mainly about the anti-Helmholtz coil and earth magnetic compensation coil.Thesis in the fourth chapter I mainly introduced the measuring methods of the number and the temperature of the cold atoms, which are captured in the experiment. What’s more, I analyzed the experiment data, in order to evaluate the performance of magneto optical trap, which lays a good foundation for the following experiment.At the end of the thesis, I have done a summary for all my work, and proposed my suggestion about the next experiment.