Evolution Of Wuhan’s Industrial Structure And Response Characteristics In Atmospheric Environmental Effect

In the process of transforming development, China is facing double pressure from adjusting industrial structure and environment problems. So effectively inducing pollution emissions is a inevitable requirement of new urbanization, new-type industrialization and ecological civilization construction. Among them, adjusting industrial structure to reduce emissions has become the focus of environmental governance. As a traditional industrial city, Wuhan’s economic development was known for iron and steel smelting, energy and other heavy materials, which caused conflict between economic development and atmospheric environment. This paper studied atmosphere environmental effects on industrial restructuring in Wuhan, aiming to providing reference for industrial and resource-based cities, who need to upgrade industrial structure under a certain improvement of environmental quality objectives.Basing on data including industrial sub-sector’s GDP, the air pollution indicators (SO2, NO2, PM10), and annual average emissions per unit of production form 2004 to 2013, this paper:firstly, used mathematical statistics and integration of ambient air quality (IAQI) evaluation methods to study industrial structure’s evolution of Wuhan and its relationship with ambient air quality; Secondly, according to the structure characteristics of industrial bias index (ICB), made clear atmospheric pollution’s response to industrial structure evolution; And then, considering the degree of industrial diversification, similarity of structure and concentration degree, discussed the upgrade issues of the industrial structure under atmospheric environmental constraints.The main work and conclusions are as follows:(1) During 2004-2013, Wuhan has been transforming from late stage of industrial to post industrial stage, when the distribution of industrial sectors was very uneven. With more than 85% proportion, manufacturing maintained absolute advantage, and four industries including ferrous metal smelting-rolling, electricity and heat production-supply, electronic equipment manufacturing, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, owned more than 50% share. The proportion of 38 industries gradually narrowed, indicating that Wuhan’s industrial structure was constantly fine-tuning.(2) IAQI was still at a high level, because besides good control of SO2 pollution, the control and management of PM10 and NO2 pollution did not achieve good results. As the industrial structure changed to a smaller gravity gap, IAQI showed a slight downward trend, indicating that industry structure constantly fine-tuning played a positive role to improve air quality to a certain extent.(3) ICB curve showed a six items wavy curve, meaning that atmosphere pollution response to industrial structure evolution is complex. Among which the ferrous metal smelting-rolling, electricity and heat production-supply industry’s total contribution rate was 71%-87%, becoming two air pollution leading industries; Comparing maximum and minimum (2009 and 2013) of ICB, the electronic information industry, transportation equipment and other advanced manufacturing achieved great development in 2013, so green manufacturing engineering bear fruit.(4) In successive years, UE and ICB showed a significance negative correlation at level of 0.05, indicating that the higher the degree of industrial diversification the better to reduce industrial air pollution emissions; S and |ΔICB| was significant negatively correlated at level of 0.01, showing that the higher the degree of industrial structure similarity the ICB are more similar; From the viewpoint of the industrial industry concentration degree, the future development of industrial structure needs to undermine the comparative advantage of high emissions per unit of production industries.(5) Via directing labor and technology of two leading polluting industries to the electronic information and other emerging industries, Wuhan should strive for "cut high and supply low" of labor sources, " sweeping away the old and starting afresh" of science technology, while slow down industrial growth and push emerging industries, thereby increase the degree of industrial diversification, reduce specialization level of each industry, narrow the gap between the proportion of each industry, and finally contribute to industrial upgrading and optimization under air pollution limits.