The Study Of Wuhan Tourism Sustainable Development Based On The Tourism Ecological Footprint Analysis

With the rapid growth of the tourism market, tourism has promoted socio-economic development strongly. At the same time, the negative impact on the environment has become increasingly prominent, causing serious ecological security issues, but also affecting the sustained and healthy development of tourism. So when the concept of "tourism sustainable development" was put forth, it is widely recognized by the community. Among the number of methods currently used to evaluate regional sustainable development of tourism, the touristic ecological footprint gradually become a hot topic and is widely used in the evaluation of regional tourism sustainable development as more comprehensive consideration of tourism activities on the micro and macro regional environment impact.Wuhan City, relying on the rich tourism resources, good traffic location and a solid foundation of industrial development, has become an important tourist city in recent years. But the huge number of tourists have produced a negative impact to the environment in Wuhan. Recent studies on tourism sustainable development of Wuhan are mostly qualitative research on the specific type of tourism or scenic or static study.On the basis of the existing research, this paper try to use the time scale of five consecutive years and select tourism food, accommodation, transportation, shopping, entertainment, solid waste and water as the elements constructing touristic ecological footprint. Dynamic analysis of the composition and changes in Wuhan touristic ecological footprint from the consumption structure and types of land. And combine with the local ecological footprint and the local ecological carrying capacity of Wuhan evaluating the tourism sustainable development capacity of Wuhan. And provide suggestions for the tourism sustainable development, in order to provide a basis for the adjustment of Wuhan tourism development policies.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)2009--2013 Wuhan touristic ecological footprint is 145176.87hm2,1982785.35hm2,2512187.55hm2,3276175.69hm2,3918535.23hm2.The footprint have an upward tendency mainly due to substantial growth in tourists and the extension of tourist residence time. The fluctuation of the per capita in 2011 was mainly due to that the 2011 was the 110th anniversary of Xinhai revolution.(2) From the consumption structure, in 2009-2013 Wuhan touristic traffic ecological footprint and touristic food ecological footprint account for nearly 90% of the total touristic ecological footprint. It shows that tourism traffic and tourism catering are the major part of influencing ecological environment among the tourist activities. Among the ecologically productive area, fossil energy land is the largest and is growing year by year. It accounted for more than 70% of the touristic ecological footprint. Indicating that the development of tourism in Wuhan have large dependence on resource and face high risk of energy.(3)The per capita ecological footprint of Wuhan between 2009-2013 is 2.275754 hm2、2.516083 hm2、2.470104 hm2、2.341551 hm2、2.516798 hm2. The per capita ecological capacity is 0.174398 hm2、0.163973 hm2、0.163016 hm2、0.163468 hm2、 0.162946 hm2. Superposing the per capita touristic ecological footprint and regional milieu’s ecological footprint can get the per ecological deficit is 2.123945 hm2、2.374283 hm2、2.328465 hm2、2.201124 hm2、2.376651 hm2.Indicating that the current environment for tourism development in Wuhan is unsustainable. Tourism on ecological deficit contribution rates is 1.06%,0.93%,0.92%,0.95%,0.96%.(4) The composition of Wuhan touristic ecological footprint has the regional specificity:tourism food footprint and the consumption of grassland are accounted for the second of consumption structure and types of land. The main reason is Wuhan is a "delicious food city" and has features shopping goods.(5) Research shows that touristic ecological footprint of Wuhan in addition to tourist capacity, touristic standing time, travel preferences, tourists travel preference, accommodation facilities, and property characteristics of a tourist destination as well as the poultry disease prevention and control environment. The study looks at Wuhan Tourism ecological footprint characteristics, as well as the development of tourism in Wuhan, from the government, business and tourism travel participants made recommendations for tourism sustainable development of Wuhan.