Research On Inhibition Action And Antibacterial Mechanism Of Phellodendron Fruit Oils

Phellodendron(Phellodendron chinense Schneid.), Also known as Guan Cork, department of Rutaceae plants, it is an important Chinese herbal medicines of "Cork" drug source plants. Phellodendron fruit contains flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and volatile, essential oils can be extracted, but its antibacterial activity evaluation has not been reported in this study Phellodendron fruit oils by steam distillation of raw materials for its antibacterial activity, antibacterial mechanism, chemical composition analysis and its application in food preservation in the study of Phellodendron fruit oils provide a basis for the development and application of botanical fungicide. The main findings are as follows:First, the use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques combined with volatile components Phellodendron fruit oils analyzed were isolated from 91 kinds of ingredients, the main component of olefins, alcohols and aldehydes, accounting for the total relative content 89.701%of all components, the olefin was 67.454%, alcohols was 15.471%, aldehydes was 89.701%. The main components include β-pinene, relative content of 26.456%, myrcene was 19.287%, a-terpineol was 11.488%, a-pinene was 9.291%, citronellal was 6.776%, D-limonene was 4.086%geraniol was 3.983%, 1,5-dimethyl-1,5-cyclooctadiene was 2.019 percent,1.785 percent of camphene, dicyclopentadiene was 1.332%, cis-β-farnesene was 1.835%, γ-terpinene was 1.363%; other ingredients include esters and ketones, the relative content of less than 1%.Second, the use of the Oxford Study Phellodendron fruit cup oil for twelve kinds of microorganisms antibacterial activity was measured Phellodendron fruit essential oils tested strains of inhibition zone diameters in the order of:Salmonella> Aspergillus niger> Penicillium> E.coli> Mucor> Botrytis> Nocardia> Caterpillar fungus> Bacillus cereus> Beer yeast＞White staphylococcus> Staphylococcus aureus, the best antibacterial activity was Salmonella, inhibition zone diameter of 29.1±0.9 mm, the worst antibacterial activity was Staphylococcus aureus, its antibacterial circle diameter was 9.8±0.8 mm; tube double dilution method using essential oils derived Salmonella, E. coli, Nocardia, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium, and Mucor, Botrytis cinerea minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 0.25 mg/mL, for Bacillus cereus, caterpillar fungus and yeast to 0.5 mg/mL, Staphylococcus aureus and White staphylococcus to 1 mg/mL; acidic environment help to improve the antibacterial activity Phellodendron fruit oils, and oils after processing 121℃ have good thermal stability.Third, the effects of three different concentrations Phellodendron fruit oils Salmonella cell membranes, energy metabolism and oxidative damage, analyze its inhibitory mechanism. The results are as follows:(1) By measuring the change in Salmonella bacterial suspension relative conductivity, the concentration of protein and reducing sugar content, analyze the impact Phellodendron fruit oils to Salmonella cell membrane. The results showed that the use of 1 mg/mL when Phellodendron fruit oil treatment, bacterial suspension relative conductivity value added up to 23.8%, the protein concentration increased 152.1 g/L, Salmonella reducing sugar content is reduced to a lesser extent, decreased only 2.25 mg/mL. Description Phellodendron fruit oil severely damaged Salmonella cell membranes, affecting its antimicrobial properties significantly.(2) Study to Phellodendron fruit oil processing Salmonella ATP content and changes in activity of ATP, analyze the impact of essential oils on Salmonella energy metabolism. The results showed that bacterial growth is slow, the amount of ATP consumed less visible Phellodendron fruit oils have a certain impact on the salmonella energy metabolism. Using 1 mg/mL Phellodendron fruit oil processing, ATP content of 441 μmol/(g·prot), ATP activity was 2.9 μmolPi/mgprot/hour.(3) By measuring Phellodendron fruit oils Salmonella SOD activity, MDA content and CAT activity, analyze its effects on Salmonella cells from oxidative damage. The results showed that after 1 mg/mL Phellodendron fruit oil processing, Salmonella MDA content increased significantly, reaching 4.69 mg/mL, SOD and CAT activity is decreased by 66.5% and 56.3%. Phellodendron fruit oil concentration, the more serious of the Salmonella cell damage.(4) By scanning electron microscopy test normal Salmonella and Salmonella strains were tested change the appearance of the fruit Phellodendron oil processing forms. The results showed salmonella severe structural damage to the treated cells, the surface roughness dull, wrinkled, shriveled, projection, distortion, cell wall defects, ablation leading to cell membrane rupture, cytoplasmic condensation, clumping, the majority of end or central defects appear, Depression and even the disintegration of the cavity appears that salmonella lose their integrity.Fourth, the study of the impact of oil storage of fresh meat and three fruits, Gaseous antiseptic effect Phellodendron fruit essential oils, concluded as follows:(1) Attached to the filter paper into five Phellodendron fruit essential oil antiseptic best meat at room temperature, the initial and extended the time were completely mildew 1 and 4 days; refrigerated at 4℃ environment, initial and fully grown mold time was extended for 4 and 6 days. Description Phellodendron fruit oils can effectively extend the meat rot becomes deteriorating time.(2) With the increase of the concentration of Phellodendron fruit oils, three fruits of cherry fruit, kumquat and jujube during storage rot index showed a downward trend, good fruit rate rise, while the injury rate is also increasing. Phellodendron fruit oils of three species of fruit storability are affected, the optimal concentration was 20 ug/L. This index decreased concentration of fruit rot, good fruit there was a substantial rise, and the injury rate is zero.