Studies On The Ecological Protection And Construction Planning In Macheng

Since China’s reform and opening-up, the environmental problems have become increasingly serious. The Party Central Committee and State Council start to attach more importance to ecological environment protection and construction work and take a series of strategic measures. A proper ecological planning and efficient measures are a necessary to construct a good urban ecological environment. The paper aims to choose the suitable and distinctive future direction and planning in order to construct Ecological Macheng, and provide some academic bases and references for the construction and development of other ecological new towns.According to the natural geographical features, social economical developmental characteristic and main ecological environment problems in Macheng, the eco-environmental situation was analyzed. The evaluation of ecological importance and ecological sensitivity in Macheng were established through qualiative and quantiative methods. Finally the ecological protection and construction grades were delimited and relevant measures were discussed, which provide a reference for the ecological planning of Macheng City. The main research results are as follows:(1) Through the analysis of current situation of land use, water conservation, biodiversity conservation, soil erosion, geohazard and ecosystem in Macheng, It showed the whole ecological environment was good to support urban construction and economic development, but, we must quicken to adjust land use structure and pay attention to the environmental protection work:protecting rivers and reservoirs, optimizing the structure of forest, renovating the areas with serious land degradation, and strengthening the prevention and control of geological hazards work,,(2) The Legal Reserves included Wunao Mountain National Forest Park, Lion Peak Nature Reserve, Guifengshan Nature Park, Fuqiaohe Wetland Park, Mingshan Wetland Park, and Sanhekou Wetland Park, They accounted for 3.86% in Macheng. The evaluation index of ecological function importance were water conservation, soil conservation and biodiversity conservation. The evaluation index of ecological sensitivity were soil erosion, geohazard and ecosystem types.(3) Macheng City were divided into four ecological protection grades:the first grade protective region focused on natural ecological maintenance and accounted for 11.72%, primarily distributing in the Legal Reserves of Macheng; the second grade protective region focused on the restoration of ecological functions and accounted for 28.40%, mainly distributing in the eastern high vegetation coverage area-Sanhekou Town, Guishan Town, and the northern area-Chengmagang Town, Huangtugang Town. It was the buffer zone betweeen protective region and constructive region; the third grade protective region kept cultivating and protecting of ecosystem services in focus, covered for 15.35%, distributed in Huangtugang Town, Muzhidian Town, Futianhe Town; the fourth grade protective region accounted for 44.53% and mainly included the dryland, paddyfield, residential area, industrial area, distributing in the central plains-Shunhe Town, Tiemengang Township, Chengmagang Town, Baiguo Town, Zhongguanyi Town.(4) Macheng City were divided into four ecological construction grades, the Grade 1 construction region scattered in the Shongbu Town, Zhangjiafan Town and Fuzihe Town, accounting for 1.29%; the Grade2 construction region mainly were the farmland along rivers and dryland farming area in the gentle slope, distributed in the Tiemengang Xiang, Baiguo Town, Zhongguanyi Town, Yanjiahe Town, Huangtugang Town, Futianhe Town and Yantianhe Town, and accounted for 57.21%; the Grade3 construction region primaryly distributed in the eastern forest region, included Muzidian Town, Sanhekou Town, Guishan Town, Shunhe Town and Chengmagang Town, accounting for 36.38%; the Grade4 construction region mainly distributed in the Jushui River and Legal Reserves of Macheng, accounted for 5.12%. The main ecological construction countermeasures wasto carry out the natural forest protection project and construct ecological forest. The specific greening measures are as follows:closing hills for tree growing, afforestating, returning cultivated land to forests and pastures, transforming low production forests and improving soil.