| The Shifosi reservoir, with the total capacity of 185 million cubic meters, flood storage capacity of 160 million cubic meters, catchment area of 16.48 square kilometers, is flood detention type reservoir in the large area of Liaohe river plain, and plays an important role in ecological safety, life of the Liaohe river basin and the surrounding population health. In recent years, however, due to the increasing of production and living pollution, the water quality of Shifosi reservoir was rapidly decline. How to improve water quality in the reservoir and water pollutant removal is the important environmental problem to be solved at present. Therefore, since 2010, the stone Buddha temple reservoir adopts mainly aquatic plant planting mode of new type of reservoir construction mode, and in according to the liaohe river ecological river construction implementation plan and ’the lotus plant Shifosi reservoir area ecological construction project implementation plan’ requirement, selecting lotus as the main planting varieties of aquatic plants in reservoir area, through the lotus plant of large area, improve the ecological environment in shifosi reservoir achieved obvious results.In current study, measurement of the Shifosi lotus planting situation and the water quality from 2009 to 2015 was carried out to build a comprehensive monitoring, using the single factor index evaluation method, comprehensive index evaluation method and water environmental capacity calculation formula, analysis of lotus plant of Shifosi reservoir water quality, water environment capacity and ecological, social and economic benefits, the following conclusions:(1) Effects on the water quality showed that the major pollutants of Shifosi reservoir are COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and total nitrogen, four kinds of pollutants concentration of outbound and inbound concentration had no obvious change from 2009 to 2010. However, four kinds of outbound concentration significantly less than those in Treasury concentration since 2011, with the degree of COD reduction of 30%-70%, the degree of the ammonia nitrogen reduction of 20%-60%, the degree of total phosphorus reduction of 25%-75%, total nitrogen reduction degree was 30%-50%. In addition, outbound of single factor evaluation index and comprehensive evaluation index have a certain degree of reduced since 2011, with the evaluation index of total phosphorus decrease, the most obvious reached to 50%, other pollutants also were 10%-30% of reduction. In 2011 and 2014, the comprehensive pollutions were also from the severe contamination to moderate pollution, even up to the light pollution in 2015. Description includes the lotus flower planting purify.(2) Effects on the water environmental showed that from 2009 to 2010, four kinds of main pollutant of the theory of environmental capacity were not obviously changed, but with the increasing trend since 2011. Among the pollutants, the COD and total phosphorus were obviously increased, and the environmental capacity of COD reached to 18%, the increasing in environmental capacity of total phosphorus was doubled. Environmental capacity of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen also has increasing trend, total nitrogen was also increased more than 20% in 2015, and the lotus flower planting promoted the water environmental capacity of four major pollutants. Although the lotus flower planting area of pollutant degradation coefficient and the relationship between the retention coefficient, predict when lotus planting area to achieve the optimal reservoir on the value of the biggest environmental capacity of various pollutants.The theoretical maximum capacity of 4 kinds of pollutants:COD is 55110.3t-a-1,NH3-N is 3124.9t-a-1,TP is 357.1t-a-1, TN is 6778.7t-a-1.(3) The ecological, social and economic benefit evaluation results:lotus flower planting, not only improved water quality and the species biodiversity, but also increased the balanced benefits, although the survey found that not only the species and quantity were increased in the area, but also to protect animals and endangered species in the world, and have higher ecological benefit. Lotus flower planting made the environment beautifully, whilst has the effects of ecological tourism and investment promotion and capital introduction, and has strong social value. In addition, the lotus flower planting brought about the economic benefits considerablely, not only has the degradation of pollutants, maintaining biodiversity and development of ecological tourism and ecological services value, the product of the lotus also has certain economic value, so the lotus flower planting, to improve the reservoir also has a large economic benefit.(4) The reservoir is still facing the problems:the growth of the lotus has certain seasonally, in autumn and winter when lotus decay after decomposing and large area, if it is not clear in time, the decomposing and material will sink to the bottom, and the role of microorganisms in the water under the rapid decomposition, to a large number of emissions nutrient and organic matter in water, produce secondary pollution to water. In addition, according to a 2009-2015 Shifosi, according to the incoming water quality monitoring data warehousing pollution is increasingly serious, and calculates that even if the reservoirs to achieve the optimal lotus largest planting area and the environmental capacity, also have excess material polluted situation, therefore, pollutant emission is serious reservoir important problem faced at present stage.(5) Suggestions for the future development of the reservoir:one is to strengthen the daily management of lotus, including the water and fertilizer management during the lotus plant, light management, and weeding and disease and insect control, etc, but also pay attention to the management of wintering lotus, prevent the potential hazards of water body. Second, strengthen the measures to reduce emissions, by adjusting the industrial structure, improve the relevant laws and regulations, the use of modern technology to strengthen the sewage treatment capacity and facilities, strengthening the construction of agricultural infrastructure, and strengthening the adjustment mechanism of ecological restoration, can not only improve productivity, and reasonable reduction, so as to realize sustainable development. |
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