Environmental Impacts Of Pollutant Production And Discharge From Livestock And Poultry Industries In Taihu Lake Region In Jiangsu Province

The past two decades, China’s booming livestock and poultry breeding industries has become pillar industries of agriculture and rural economic development, while farming business model also has undergone great change,and the degree of scale farming continues to improve. But because the time of intensive farming development is shorter, livestock and poultry produce a lot of manure and cause more problems at the same time which threateant the environment. livestock and poultry breeding industries resulting in pollution is amazing which causes more and more attention and become a hot issue of common concern of many researchers. The first Chinese pollution census bulletin showed that agricultural nonpoint source pollution has become a major source of surface water pollution, and the livestock and poultry breeding industries were one of the main sources of pollution in agricultural nonpoint source pollution.Therefore, Taihu Lake Region in Jiangsu Province was selected as the regional centre of which agricultural production conditions were better,more economically active in the Taihu Lake Basin. Based on the monitoring experiment of pollutant production from a typical scale pig farm at three pig feeding stages(sows,fattening pigs and piglets) in Taihu Lake Region in Jiangsu Province, the cotents of pollutant of pigs manure and coefficients of pollutant production from the pigs were estimated..And the discharge amount of pollutant of animal manure was estimated at the same time.In addition, the load on the risk profile of cultivated land manure in Taihu region in Jiangsu Province was evaluated utilizing the animal manure cultivated land load model. The equal standard discharge amount of pollutant of animal manure and water equal standard pollution index were estimated utilizing the equal standard pollution method in Taihu Lake Region in Jiangsu Province. The primary characteristics of pollutants, primary sources,and primary pollution areas of livestock and poultry breeding industries were confirmed utilizing the the equal standard pollution load ration in Taihu Lake Region in Jiangsu Province. Results of this thesis provide some useful information for the healthy and sustainable development of livestock and poultry breeding industries the water environmental protection in Taihu Lake Basin.The main achievements of the thesis are as follows:(1) The coefficients of pollutant production from three pig feeding stages were different, which were sows, fattening pigs and piglets ordered from the most to the least: the coefficients of total nitrogen(TN) of sows,fattening pigs and piglets were 32.48 ± 8.40、 20.04±5.35、15.09±5.54 g·d-1 per head. The coefficients of total phosphorus(TP) were 24.64 ± 7.48、15.25 ± 5.03、7.91 ±3.99 g·d-1 per head. The coefficients of ammonia were 10.31 ±7.28、4.91 ±3.24、3.95±1.57g 玠-1 per head.The coefficients of chemical oxygen demand(COD) were 119.26±46.52> 54.08±20.00,33.22± 13.33g·d-1 per head.The coefficients of organic matter were 327.13 ±86.10、223.40±65.10,153.67 ±69.22g·d-1 per head.The coefficients of production of feces were 1.93 ±0.20、1.28 ±0.27.0.88 ± 0.40kg·d-1 per head. The coefficients of production of urine were 5.60±0.34,2.43±0.32, 1.45±0.30L·d-1 per head(2) The largest production amount of characteristics of pollutant of animal manure was organic matter which was500.7 housands tons,the followed was COD which was 146.9 housands tons, TN,TP were 48.1,34.0 thousands tons respectively in Taihu Lake Region in Jiangsu Province in 2011.The amount of animal manure cultivated land load was 3.51-23.43 t/hm, the average load was 8.73 t/hm2 in 2011. The load on the risk profile of cultivated land manure assessment showed that manure had no threat to cultivated land in Taihu Lake region in Jiangsu Province temporarily as a whole. Howere, the warning level of Changzhou was Ⅱ, showing that manure had threat to cultivated land slightly, the warning level of Jintan was Ⅲ, showing that manure had threat to cultivated land.(3) The largest discharge amount of characteristics of pollutant was TN which was 194.3 thousands tons,the followed TP,COD of animal manure were 14.4 and 10.2 thousands tons respectively in Taihu Lake Region in Jiangsu Province in 2011. The equal standard discharge amount of pollutant of animal manure was 75.113 billion cubic meters in 2011.The equal standard pollution index showed that Changzhou,Suzhou,Wuxi were 11.54,5.70 and 6.10, respectively. However, differences were observed for the water contamination degree in different areas. The equal standard pollution index of Taihu Lake Region in Jiangsu Province was 7.58 reaching Ⅱ,which showed that livestock and poultry breeding industries had threat to water by evaluate the equal standard pollution index. Changzhou was Ⅲ, Suzhou and Wuxi were Ⅱ,which showed that Changzhou had threat to water.(4) The primary pollutant of livestock and poultry breeding industries in Taihu Lake Region in Jiangsu Province was TP utilizing the the equal standard pollution load ration which reached 67.87%. It should be drawn attention to the pollution of P. The primary pollution source of livestock and poultry breeding industries was poultry and pigs whose load ration reched 49.52% and 44.74%,so it should strengthen the pollution control of manure of poultry and pigs. The primary pollution was Changzhou whose load ration reched 45.14%.Among those cities, the livestock and poultry breeding industries of downtown Changzhou, Jintan, Jiangyin, Yixing polluted water seriously whose load ration reched 63.11% in total.