Study On The Catalytic Conversion Of Biomass To5-hydroxymethylfurfural And2,5-dimethylfuran In Formic Acid

Today, fuel and chemicals we are using mainly come from fossil resources。Along withthe exhausting of fossil resources，development of sustainable resource has became anurgent issue for the world. At the same time, climate problems caused by the discharging ofgreen-house gas also highlighted the importance of developing green fuel and resources.Ligno-Biomass is one of the most abundant renewable resources in the earth. Utilization ofLigno-Biomass is therefore drawing a lot of attention in recent years.5-Hydroxymethylfurfural is one of the most promising bio-based platform molecules.It can be converted into kinds of high value-added products including biofuel andbio-monomer. Conversion of biomass, such as glucose and cellulose, into5-hydroxymethylfurfural has became a hot research field. Hundreds of research articles have been published.The main route from biomass to5-HMF is the acidic dehydration of hexose. Thesolvent systems and catalyst which have been reported have some drawback, including highprice, high toxic, hard to be reused. etc For the purpose of conversion biomass into5-HMF and its derivatives in a green, sustainable, low toxic reaction system, the followingcontents were studied by this thesis.First, a green, highly efficient system composed by formic acid, Tin chloride, andother additives was developed. We studied some factors including catalyst, co-catalyst,reaction condition and concentration of water. In the optimal condition, when usingglucose and α-cellulose, the total yield of5-HMF and its formic ester can achieved45.4%and31.2%respectively.We also studied conversion of biomass to biofuel molecular2,5-dimethylfuran byone-pot process in formic acid. When using Pd/C as catalyst,5-HMF and FMF can beefficiently converted into2,5-DMF through transfer hydrogenolysis reaction with formicacid as the hydrogen donor. The yield of2,5-DMF from glucose and α-cellulose is33%and22%respectively. This process avoids the isolation and purification of intermediateproducts, therefor is more efficient and economic.The catalytic system and reaction route developed by this thesis can efficiently conver t Ligno-biomass into platform molecular and biofuel molecular. This process has someadvantages including high efficient, sustainable, cheap, low toxic. The development of thiscatalytic system widened the utilization of biomass.