Study On Vegetation - Soil Hydrological Characteristics In Vegetation Restoration Period Of Mining Wasteland

As a Resources-based City, Jixi city of Heilongjiang Province is rich in coal, graphite and other mineral resources. However, in the process of resource exploitation, washing and processing will produce a large amount of Gangue, which accumulated and into Industrial and mining wasteland. Industrial and mining wasteland belongs to the severely damaged ecological system. Air, water and soil tainted by pollution and that have seriously impact on the local ecological security. To restore ecological environment, the pioneer have already taken a series of measures to improve vegetation coverage of the industrial and mining wasteland. Such as selecting ecological restoration pioneer species, modifying the soil matrix of industrial,mining wasteland and abandoned land afforestation and so on. But there are few soil-hydrological characteristics research of industrial and mining wasteland in different vegetation restoration of vegetation recovery mode.Using the method of forest ecological orientation, this paper sets to a study which the different vegetation restoration measures have effect on mining wastelands the vegetation-soil hydrological characteristics in Jixi city industrial and mining wasteland, and investigates the physical properties and vegetation restoration situation, and determines related indexes of vegetation-soil hydrology. This paper mainly from the vegetation biomass and water-holding ability, litter biomass and water-holding capacity, soil water storage capacity, industrial and mining land vegetation recovery effect comprehensive evaluation of soil-water, etc. In order to reveal the different vegetation restoration measures on its matrix hydrological features as well as the relationship between them, which provides the theoretical basis of mufu mountain vegetation restoration and practice guidance. The results show that:The maximum water holding capability of litter form in different forest stand: Lespedeza forest(320.76%)>Xingkai red pine forest(286.20%)> Seabuckthorn forest(285.90%)>Mongolica forest(201.33%)>Mongolica mixed Xingkai red pine forest(156.63%). There is no significant difference between Mongolica mixed Xingkai red pine forest and Mongolica forest, while Mongolica forest has remarkable difference with Mongolica mixed Xingkai red pine forest, Seabuckthorn forest, Xingkai red pine forest, Lespedeza forest.The water-holding capacity of vegetation is:Seabuckthorn forest(205.80%)>Xingkai red pine forest(202.67%)>Lespedeza forest(122.77%)>Mongolica mixed Xingkai red pine forest(108.63%)>Mongolica forest(105.37%). The water-holding capacity of vegetation between Seabuckthorn Forests and Xingkai red pine forest are closed and the maximum. The other three forest vegetation to water ability is similar, There is no significant difference between the moisture content of forest vegetation.The maximum water content of 0~10cm layer is in the order of Lespedeza forest(88.7%)>Xingkai red pine forest(63.4%)>Mongolica forest(61.5%)>Seabuckthorn Forest(56.4%)>Mongolica mixed Xingkai red pine forest(24.6%).The maximum water content of 10~20cm layer is in the order of Seabuckthorn Forest(49.6%)>Lespedeza forest(49.0%)>Xingkai red pine forest(30.1%)>Mongolica Forest(23.3%)>Mongolica mixed Xingkai red pine forest(17.8%). There is significant difference between the soil maximum moisture content.Abandoned industrial and mining to different forest vegetation-soil Hydrological conservation function: Lespedeza forest(24)>Xingkai red pine forest(17)>Seabuckthorn forest(15)>Mongholica forest(13)>Mixed forest(6). The Lespedeza forest is the highest, for the reason that it had thickness litter layer, higher water rate, with the role of water flow and biological activities which greatly improved soil matrix water rate and promoted the process of becoming soil matrix. It is the best tree species for improving industrial and mining land vegetation and soil hydrological comprehensive function.